The Construction And Application Of Recreation Opportunity Spectrum In Chengdu Country Park

Nowadays,outdoor recreation has become an important way for residents in the city to exercise,relieve stress,relax,get close to the nature,broaden their horizons,popularize science education and obtain self-satisfaction.Because of their proper distance from the city,the beautiful environment and the convenient traffic,country parks have become the choice of more urban residents’ outdoor recreation places.However,due to the influence of urban expansion,there are many problems in our country parks,such as improper management and disorderly development.How to reasonably manage the recreation environment and create and allocate recreational opportunities is an urgent problem that needs to be solved in this field.Taking the existing country parks in Chengdu as a research object,this paper introduces the theory of recreation opportunity spectrum which is widely used in the planning and management of outdoor recreational space into the study of country parks.The evaluation index system of recreation environment suitability of country parks is constructed by Grey statistics method and Factor analysis,and then the types of recreation environment in country parks are divided by cluster analysis,and then the AHP method and entropy weight method are combined to calculate the weight of each evaluation Finally,the comprehensive evaluation value is calculated.Based on this calculation,the recreation opportunity spectrum of Chengdu country Park is constructed,and it is applied to the compilation of recreation opportunity list,the inventory of recreation environment problems and the suggestions of recreation site management.The research results are expected to broaden the scope of application of recreational opportunity spectrum,improve the construction method of recreational opportunity spectrum,and provide a new idea for the management of recreation environment of country parks in Chengdu or even in the nation.The main conclusions are as following:(1)Construction of the evaluation index system of recreation environment suitability of Chengdu country park.In this paper,we use a variety of mathematical statistical methods to screen and determine indicators,and construct an evaluation index system consisting of5 layers of criteria and 17 index items.(2)Classification of of the recreation environment in Chengdu country.The six existing country parks in Chengdu are divided into three categories: the first type is wetland park,the second type is theme country park and the third type is riverside country park.This classification has fully reflected the environmental characteristics of the existing countryparks in Chengdu.(3)There are differences in index weights among different types of country parks.In the criterion layer,the riverside country park has the highest degree of environmental maintenance,and the wetland country park has the highest requirement of nature.The degrees of use,activity,landscape display and characteristic for the theme country park are higher than the other two types of parks.In the index layer,the waterfront country park requires higher weight of water quality,the richness of activity items and vegetation,and wetland country park has a higher weight for guiding system,water quality and biodiversity.Theme country parks require higher weights of local features and recreational facilities.The differences of weights not only affect the results of the evaluation of recreation environment suitability,but also provide different referential basis for the management of various types of country park recreation environment.(4)Level of recreation environment suitability in Chengdu country Park is different.The suitable degree of recreation environment of giant panda breeding research base is the best,the quality of recreation environment of Qinglong Lake Park is high,and the recreation environment of International Intangible Cultural Heritage Expo Garden and Happy Plum Forest is moderate.The fitness of recreation environment in Jiangan River Ecological Park is lower than that in Binhe Park.(5)Construction of the recreation opportunity spectrum of Chengdu country Park.Firstly,the theory of recreational opportunity spectrum was approved that it can be applied to the new field of country parks through suitability confirmation.Then five environmental factors which include landscape display and characteristic degree,environmental protection degree,natural degree,usable degree and activity degree,were determined,and three types of recreational opportunities,namely,country wetland type,Country theme type and country riverside type were identified.Finally,according to the theoretical framework of recreational opportunity spectrum,the recreational opportunity spectrum based on Chengdu country Park is constructed.(6)There are three major problems in the recreation environment of Chengdu country Park:(1)The types of recreational opportunities are limited,there are only three types:wetland country,riverside country and theme country;(2)The characteristics of recreational activities are not clear,some country parks can only carry out recreational activities of daily leisure type.(3)The quality of recreation environment is not good,and the recreation environment is lack of high suitable level.(7)The optimization of classified management:(1)The riverside country park,which mainly consists of Jiangan River Ecological Park and Riverside Park,should be transformed and upgraded to a community park.(2)The only wetland country park-the Green Dragon Lake Wet Park-should put protection and optimization of itself as priority.,and that some places and service facilities for activities should be appropriately increased;(3)For the theme country parks such as giant panda breeding research base,happy plum forest,the International Intangible Cultural Heritage Expo s,it is suggested to strengthen the existing landscape theme and to improve its management and service level.