The Study On Residential Area Technical Standards And Residential Form

The Residential Area Standard guides the planning,design,construction and management of the residential area in China,while residential area form constitutes the basic aspect of urban form,so there is an important connection between the design standard and the form of the residential area.Furthermore,the mandatory specifications and index are the most influential controlling modes in the Residential Area Standard.Therefore,the paper analyses the Standard and the form,aiming at optimizing the controlling process of The Residential Area Standard and Residential form.The specifications and index related to the residential form in our country are summarized as follows:Floor Area Ratio,Lot Coverage Ratio,Green Area Ratio,Height,Sunlight Standard,Spacing,Setback and Buffer,Building width and so on.Through the in-depth interpretation of each index about the original intention,source,and the usage of domestic and foreign,the corresponding relationship between the index and the form of residential area are explored,and the logic of residential form control are revealed.Then,on the basis of single-index study,the author turns to compound-index study.Through three typical residential morphology models:the tower,plate and Stripe type,the relationship between the Floor Area Ratio,height,Latitude,Lot Coverage Ratio and the corresponding spatial distribution of space is obtained.In view of the corresponding relationship between the compound index and the form through the experiment,the author proved the previous study of the "spacemate" wrong,and proposed that compound index(Lot Coverage ratio,Floor area ratio,height,open space ratio,green area ratio)can not determine a single form.There is no singular correspondence with residential index and form.Although the compound index cannot control the form directly,it is confirmed that the standards do have positive correlation on the form of residential areas in many cities.The setting of other constraints on the form,such as Setbacks,Maximum and Minimum Height,Mass,Courtyard size,Building Spacing requirements and so on,can truly guide the construction of the form to meet the requirements of planning and design.Based on the phenomenon of the single layout of residential area form in China,this paper discusses the reasons in historical process,cultural aesthetic concept and planning system these three aspects,so as to understand the true reasons of the residential area form in our country.Then by analyzing three excellent residential area standard cases on form control and guidance,which are the Hong Kong Residential Plan Development guide,the Residential standards in New York and the Residential Handbook in Singapore,the paper tries to provide insight and reference for the formulation of residential area planning and design standards in China.