Research On The Spatial Distribution Of Public Service Facility Under The Background Of Population Aging

Since the reform and opening up,with the continuous improvement of the social economy,people’s living conditions and medical security level,the number of elderly people in China has grown rapidly,and an irreversible development trend of population aging has been formed.In China’s old-age service system based on individual families,the elderly population has a wider demand for social public services,so pension facilities alone cannot meet their rich public service needs.Based on the research on the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of population aging in Wuhan,this thesis analyzes and studies the spatial distribution of pension institutions and public service facilities in Wuhan’s main urban areas.Firstly,using the “Sixth National Census" data and the "Actual Population " data in 2015,the spatial distribution characteristics and change trend of population aging in Wuhan city are studied from the district and street scales by using spatial autocorrelation analysis and hotspot analysis methods.Secondly,on the street scale,kernel density analysis and improved two-step floating catchment area method are used to study the spatial layout characteristics and spatial supply-demand relationship of pension facilities.Finally,the demand for public services of the elderly population is analyzed,the "15 Minute Community Life Circle" evaluation model for the elderly population is constructed,and the spatial distribution characteristics of public service facilities in the main urban area of Wuhan city are studied from the community scale by using POI data.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The distribution of population aging in Wuhan is uneven,and the degree of population aging is high-low-high three-ring distribution from the city center to the periphery;According to spatial autocorrelation analysis,the distribution of population aging has a positive correlation in space.As time goes by,the aggregation degree of population aging increases and the difference in spatial distribution decreases.Through local autocorrelation analysis,the aging population shows a trend of central aggregation and peripheral diffusion.The spatial distribution of population aging in Wuhan city tends to change from a three-ring distribution to a binary distribution with high middle and low periphery.(2)Wuhan’s old-age care institutions show the characteristics of centralized agglomeration and scattered periphery in spatial layout.According to the density analysis of stone,the number of old-age institutions and beds spread from the center to the periphery.Accessibility distribution of old-age facilities in Wuhan is uneven,with large differences between villages and towns.Streets have been divided into two areas by the Yangtze River,and its accessibility is higher in the northwest than in the southeast.(3)According to the "15 Minute Community Life Circle",the coverage of different public service facilities in the main urban areas of Wuhan is quite different.The types of community accessible public service facilities have similar distribution characteristics with the aging rate of the community,showing a decreasing trend from the junction of Yangtze River and Han River.According to Pearson correlation analysis,it can be inferred that the distribution of public service facilities in the main urban area of Wuhan has a certain correlation with the distribution of population aging.Whether the community public service facilities are perfect affects the number and proportion of the elderly population in the community to a certain extent.