Research On Collision Behavior And Passive Safety Of Occupant Between Urban Tram And Car

Based on related specifications of collision between automobiles and rail vehicles,the paper takes urban trams as the research object to study the collision compatibility between trams and cars by using finite element simulation analysis method with a series of finite element analysis softwares.Aimed at increasing the safety of trams,protecting cars and passengers and improving the collision compatibility between trams and cars,main work of this paper is as follows:First,this paper has simplified the collision model between tramcars and cars and then proposed a corresponding feasibility study.At the beginning,an established overall collision model between the tramcars and the car is served as the analysis model for an initial study conducted by the paper author about the collision between tramcars and cars,in which the tramcar runs to the car's side at a speed of 35km/h.However,it is found that the overall collision model is not suitable for in-depth study of collision compatibility because it is inefficient in computation and lavish in storage space.Therefore,the simplification method(the establishment of a concentrated mass rigid-flexible coupled collision model)is adopted in this paper based on the characteristics of the overall collision model.The comparison between the two simulation results before and after the simplification shows the rationality,efficiency and accuracy of the simplified model.Second,this paper carries out a study about characteristics and the current status of collision compatibility between tramcars and cars.By taking the standards,characteristics and current status of collisions between tramcars and cars into account,the paper author proposes 10 conditions of the tramcar-car-collisions.Moreover,corresponding collision simulation analysis of these 10 conditions are carried out based on the concentrated mass rigid-flexible coupled collision model(with side impact dummies in cars).the simulation analysis result indicates that there is a serious collision compatibility problem between tramcars and cars as the experimental car is seriously deformed and the passengers are serious injured or even have life risk when the collision speed is greater than 30km/h.Finally,the front-end buffer energy absorption system has been designed and optimized in this paper.To get a better collision compatibility between tramcars and cars,the paper author designs a two-stage buffer energy absorption system by taking both the complicated collision scenes and special safety requirements into consideration.The Optimized design for the buffer stiffness and the shape of the shield of the first-stage buffer energy-absorbing system brings about a first-stage buffer energy absorption system with the best collision compatibility effect.Moreover,the comparative analysis between the original result the optimized result shows that the collision compatibility and safety of the front-end buffer energy absorbing system had been greatly improved after the optimization,making it perfectly fulfill with the collision safety requirements.