Research On Entrance Space Environment Design Of High-Rise Residential Quarters In Chongqing Based On Neighborhood Communication

With the rapid economic growth and the continuous improvement of urbanization rate in China,the demand for urban housing has greatly increased,which is in sharp contradiction with the very limited land resources in China.This contradiction promotes the rapid development of high-rise residential buildings in cities.However,the development of high-rise residential buildings has caused a series of new problems,such as residents do not know each other,neighbourhood activities are reduced,and neighborhood relations are indifferent.The entrance space of high-rise residential buildings,as the space where people pass and use most frequently every day,is the most potential space to promote neighborhood interaction.It is of great significance to promote neighborhood interaction and create a harmonious and strong neighborhood atmosphere.The research on the entrance space of high-rise residential buildings at home and abroad is mainly concentrated in the field of architecture,focusing on the form of the entrance itself and the internal space of the entrance.The systematic study on the neighborhood interaction behavior and the external space environment in the entrance space of high-rise residential buildings is not enough.Based on the theory of "neighbourhood communication",this paper analyses the goal and process of neighbourhood communication,studies the neighbourhood communication behavior at different levels,and discusses the corresponding relationship between different levels of neighbourhood communication behavior and various neighbourhood communication spaces.On the basis of Maslow’s hierarchical theory of demand,the demand of people for neighborhood communication in high-rise residential entrance space is summarized as functional demand and psychological demand.Neighborhood communication space of 32 representative residential districts inthe main urban area of Chongqing is investigated,and the relationship between the spatial distribution and area quantity of neighborhood communication space in residential districts is analyzed.Then,51 high-rise residential entrance spaces are investigated and studied.The types of high-rise residential entrance spaces are analyzed and summarized.The characteristics of function,space and landscape are analyzed in detail.The design method of high-rise residential entrance space environment is discussed,which is conducive to promoting neighborhood communication.Firstly,the neighbourhood communication space in 32 residential districts is investigated.The neighborhood communication space is divided into two types:high-rise residential entrance space and inter-residence activity space.According to the distribution characteristics of the activity space between houses,it can be divided into four types: centralized type,decentralized type,balanced type and non-residential activity space.Statistical analysis of the area of the entrance space and the activity space between the high-rise residential buildings in the residential area respectively,and the quantitative relationship between them are discussed.It is concluded that the per capita activity area of the high-rise residential areas is generally small and the rigid activity space is seriously insufficient;the proportion of the space of the entrance of the high-rise residential buildings is related to the distribution type of the activity space between the houses;the attention paid to the entrance space of the high-Its neighborhood communication function has not been fully excavated and stimulated.Secondly,the shape of the entrance space of 51 high-rise residential buildings is analyzed.According to the different composition of space elements,the entrance space of high-rise residential buildings is divided into traffic entrance space,site entrance space and unit compound entrance space,and the per capita area index of various types of entrance space is compared and analyzed.Then from the functional characteristics,spatial characteristics,landscape characteristics of the three aspects of high-rise residential entrance space were analyzed and summarized,and the environmental characteristics and existing problems of various types of entrance space were obtained.Finally,according to the previous research results,the design strategies of high-rise residential entrance space are proposed from macro,meso and micro levels.Macroscopically,with the overall goal of promoting neighborhood communication among residents,the general principles of the entrance space environment design of high-rise residential buildings are put forward,namely,the principles of integrity,functionality,comfort,aesthetics and humanization.It is emphasized that the entrancespace of high-rise residential buildings and the activity space between houses constitute the neighborhood communication space of residents in high-rise residential areas,and the total area per capita should meet the 1 square meter/person mentioned in the Code for Planning and Design of Urban Residential Areas.On the medium level,the applicable conditions of various types of entrance space are put forward,that is,from the architectural layout of residential quarters,the distribution characteristics of the activity space area between houses and the activity space between houses,the suitable type of high-rise residential entrance space is obtained.From the microcosmic point of view,this paper puts forward specific design strategies for the entrance space of various types of high-rise residential buildings from three aspects: function,space and landscape.