Landscape Planning And Design Of Rural Settlements In Hengyang City

First of all,taking the rural settlements in Hengyang City as the research object,the software CiteSpace 5.3 software was used to analyze the research trends in the direction of the rural settlement landscape pattern.Secondly,the field investigation method was combined with the similarity evaluation method to cognize the morphological characteristics and custom culture of the rural settlement landscape in Hengyang City.Thirdly,GIS spatial analysis,landscape pattern index analysis and cluster analysis method were combined to study the pattern characteristics of the rural settlement landscape in Hengyang City and conduct the clustering partition.Fourthly,correlation analysis and path analytical methods were adopted to explore the factors influencing the rural settlement landscape pattern and propose the planning strategies for rural settlements in villages and towns.Finally,the core factors affecting rural settlements in villages and towns were used to inverse the construction land of rural settlements in villages and choose Shengongxia Village in Qidong County for rural landscape planning.The results showed that:(1)The similarity relationship of rural settlement landscape wasrelatively large,reaching 42.85%;In the high-similarity rural settlements,the similarity of morphological characteristics such as site selection,settlement form and architectural form was obvious,while the similarity of folk customs such as beliefs,trade contacts and local dialects was relatively implicit.In the low-similarity village settlements,there were great differences in site selection and layout,settlement form,road pattern,plane structure,architectural form and system,and there were a lot of similarities in folk belief,production customs,trade exchanges and local dialects.(2)Scale features of rural settlement landscape: in the southern,western and eastern suburbs,there were complex features,including large patch area,high density and large proportion of landscape;The patch density ranked second only to that of the suburbs in the central hilly area.The patch density of the central hilly area ranked only second to that of the suburbs.In the northern,southeastern and western mountains,the patch area was small,the density was low,and the proportion of landscape was small.The three indexes which measure the scale characteristics of rural settlements reduced from all sides to the center.(3)Shape features of rural settlement landscape: in the mountainous areas in the west,south and southeast of the city,the patches were relatively complex,especially in the west of Qidong County.But in the broad hillock area from the central to the northeast,the patches were lesscomplex;The complexity of rural settlement patches decreased gradually from all sides to the middle.(4)Distribution characteristics of rural settlement landscape: the patches were concentrated and distributed close to each other in the vast low-elevation hill region in the central part of the city,especially in the eastern suburbs;While in the northern and southeastern mountainous areas,the patches presented higher dispersion characteristics.(5)The physical geography factors(such as the area of zone,average elevation,average slope and mileage of rivers),land utilization factors(such as the cultivated land area ratio and road mileage),and social-economic factors(such as population,family number,distance from the nearest urban area and rural residents’ per capita disposable income),were the main factors that influence the rural settlement landscape pattern,and had mixed effects on rural settlement landscape pattern;Among them,area of region and mileage of rivers were positively correlated with the scale characteristics of rural settlement landscape,while the factors such as average altitude,average slope,per capita GDP and rural residents’ per capita disposable income were negatively correlated with the scale characteristics of rural settlement landscape.Average elevation,elevation difference and distance from the nearest urban area were positively correlated with the shape features of rural settlement landscape,while the per capita GDP and rural residents’ percapita disposable income were negatively correlated with the shape features of rural settlement landscape.Average elevation and average slope are positively correlated with the minimum adjacent distance of the average patch in rural settlements,and negatively correlated with the dispersion and juxtaposed index,while road mileage was negatively correlated with the minimum adjacent distance of the average patch,and positively correlated with the dispersion and juxtaposed index.(6)The typical case Shengongxia Village in Qidong County was selected,and the core factors influencing the rural settlement landscape pattern in villages and towns were combined with social-economic orientation to inverse the suitability of settlement construction land in villages.Based on this,the landscape planning and design were conducted,and the application of theoretical research in the actual cases was explored,which provided a certain reference for the specific implementation of the current strategy for rural revitalization.