Research On Differential Pricing Model Of Freeway Based On Trip Reservation

With the increasing demand of people’s travel,the traffic volume of freeway is also increasing year by year.For some freeway networks,there are imbalances in the time and space distribution of the freeway traffic flow in the network,which results in the imbalance in the time and space of the road network traffic volume.Except for the rigid travel time,most of them are caused by different charges,distances,etc.,which obviously leads to the waste of freeway resources,and the optimal traffic benefit of the road network is difficult to obtain make full use of.In order to solve the above problems,this paper proposes a differential pricing method of freeway based on reservation based on the concept of travel reservation and road differential pricing.By implementing differential pricing for reserved and non reserved users respectively,the price leverage is used to adjust the travel time and travel path of users,and then adjust the flow of each road section and each period,so as to achieve balanced use of highspeed freeway network space-time resources,give full play to the purpose of the maximum traffic benefits of the road network.The main research work of this paper includes:(1)This paper analyzes the current situation and related literature of the development of trip reservation and freeway pricing,summarizes the existing problems in the current situation of freeway pricing,and finds that there are some defects in the pricing of freeway toll rate.In order to make up for the shortcomings of the current situation and existing research,this paper determines the research idea of regulating the flow reasonable distribution by implementing differential pricing.(2)This paper studies and constructs the differential pricing system of freeway based on trip reservation,and expounds the main process of trip reservation and differential pricing,including data preparation,user reservation and non reserved users pricing.This paper puts forward the theoretical basis of the system research,and analyzes and enumerates the implementation conditions of trip reservation and differential pricing of freeway.(3)This paper constructs the differential pricing model of freeway based on trip reservation,which is divided into three parts: traffic demand forecasting model,reserved user pricing model and non reserved user pricing model.The traffic demand prediction model uses the historical data of travel demand and the ARIMA model to predict the future travel demand,providing data support for trip reservation and differential pricing charges.Using the form of congestion pricing model for reference,this paper constructs a pricing model of reserved users,and solves the road toll rate and the number of reservation trips of reserved users in different periods.Then,aiming at minimizing the total travel cost of the system,a dynamic user optimal bilevel programming model is constructed to solve the segment rate of non reserved users.A heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the model and a simple example is given.This paper designs a heuristic algorithm to solve the above model,and calculates the differential pricing rate through a simple road network calculation example and the actual road network data between Guangzhou and Foshan,and compares it with the fixed rate charging mode to verify the actual effect of differential pricing.The actual case analysis results show that the variance of road saturation can be significantly reduced by differential pricing,and the peak value can be reduced by 70%,.In addition,by adjusting the proportion of reservation users for many experiments,it is proved that there is the best proportion of reservation users to minimize the total cost of the system.By reasonably allocating the number of reservation users,the total cost of the system can be reduced by 25%.The research in this paper is helpful to adjust the balanced distribution of traffic flow on the freeway network,improve the situation of the increasingly congested freeway and improve the utilization efficiency of the road network resources,and provide the basis for the implementation of the travel reservation and differential pricing of the freeway.