A Study On The Natural Environment Adaptability Of The Vernacular Settlements And Dwellings In Lhasa,Tibet

Vernacular dwellings and settlements are rooted in the countryside,is rooted in the countryside,and natural environmental factors are one of the key influencing factors for their survival and development.In recent years,with the acceleration of my country's urbanization process,more and more vernacular dwellings have faced the situation of demolishing and losing.Therefore,revealing the symbiotic adaptation strategy between the vernacular dwellings and the natural environment is of great significance to the protection,inheritance,development and modern architecture design of the local vernacular dwellings.Affected by the special natural geographical environment,the types of vernacular dwellings on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are complex and diverse.The main part of Tibet is called "the plateau on the plateau." The natural conditions here are particularly harsh,the ecological environment is extremely fragile,and the characteristics of marginalization are obvious.Facing the extreme natural environment,the vernacular dwellings in Tibet have always maintained a symbiotic and harmonious relationship with the local natural environment,and have received widespread attention in recent years.Based on this,the paper selected the vernacular dwellings in Lhasa,Tibet as the research object to carry out the natural environment adaptability research.Existing researches at home and abroad on the natural environment adaptability of vernacular dwellings in Tibet mostly introduce the environmental adaptability of Tibetan local dwellings from the perspective of humanity and history or discuss the architectural climate of Tibetan vernacular dwellings from the perspective of construction technology adaptive strategy.Based on the overview of the relationship between the dwelling forms of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the natural environment,through remote sensing image analysis,field surveys,literature collation and data analysis,etc.,from the settlement level and the building level,we systematically carried out the study of natural environment adaptability,and discusses its internal influence mechanism on the ernacular dwellings in Lhasa,Tibet,from the perspective of the interaction between nature and related factors.The main content of this article can be summarized into four themes,namely:On the basis of classifying the vernacular dwellings of the Tibetan Plateau,the spatial distribution of various dwellings and the natural geographical environment information of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are superimposed,revealing the relationship between the residential form of the Tibetan Plateau and the natural environment;Taking the security,development and long-termstability of settlements as the entry point,the site selection model of settlement alluvial fan and the "pre-cultivation and post-pastoral" are described from three aspects: settlement location,relationship between settlement scale and natural environment,and settlement and water relationship."The formation mechanism of the ecological unit,as well as the flood control,waterproof system and irrigation system of the settlement,analyzed the natural environment adaptability of the rural settlement in Lhasa at the settlement level;On the basis of discussing the characteristics of different types of local dwellings in Lhasa,the paper discusses how the dwellings can adapt to the local natural environment at the architectural level through the selection of building materials,special construction methods and specific spatial layout methods;Explained how the cattle,manor system,monk system,farming and animal husbandry system,and multiple operations in the social system interacted with nature as an ecological compensation mechanism to participate in the circulation of the local ecosystem to maintain the region.Ecological balance.