Human Error Analysis Considering Air Traffic Control Automation System

As the radar control becoming popular,air traffic control automation system becomes an indispensable part of ATC(air traffic control,ATC)operation.In accordance with continuous development of automatic tools integrated into the system,the means of controllers were changed.Naturally,the additional human errors would be introduced as well.In order to prevent the additional human errors in an automated environment,and to ensure the safety of flight operations,a research on human error analysis considering air traffic control automation system was proposed.Based on the information processing and the situational awareness analysis,the psychological model of the controller was constructed,and the cognitive process of the controller was described in detail.On the base of controller's cognitive process and the STPA method,it put out the human-machine interaction model of the ATC automation system.With reference to HFACS model and the HERA-JANUS model,and in combination with the human-machine interaction model of the ATC automation system,the human error identification model related to ATC automation system was established based on the STPA method,which is reckoned as the crucial part for the identification of human errors in air traffic control.The automation-related human errors were divided into execution errors,perception errors,memory errors,decision errors and expectation errors,which are five different types.The probabilistic quantitative analysis of automation-related human errors was carried out based on fuzzy BN.Based on the analysis of insecure incidents related to human errors in air traffic control in history,the SHEL model was used to initially identify the influencing factors of human errors related to air traffic control automation,and the significance of the influencing factors was evaluated by Delphi method to select he main influencing factors.The analytic network process was used to determine the weights of primary factors that have a great impact on human errors in automation environment,and put forward some suggestions to avoid human errors according to it.Take the AIDC transfer of the ATC automation system as an example,and refer to the reasoning frame of human error diagnose in AIDC transfer to conduct the identification of human errors.The research and analysis results show that dearth of system warnings in the event of transfer failure is a key hazard source of human errors during transfer process.And when target event occurs,four kinds of human error behaviors have higher probability to occur,including “controllers' distraction”,“forgotten monitoring”,“low concentration”and “diminished alertness”,which are four fundamental causes that result in a smaller and dangerous interval during the transfer of AIDC.