Research On The Visual And Spatial Elements Of Urban Characteristic Landscape From The Perspective Of Planning

Cityscape represents the image of a city,which can reflect the level of economic,cultural,ecological and other aspects of the city's development.Since the beginning of the 21 st century,with the rapid development of service industry and the continuous improvement of land value,many cities have experienced excessive urban density and development intensity,disordered layout of high-rise buildings,which has led to the disorder of urban visual landscape and reduced quality of urban landscape.With the different requirements of the national level for the urban style,the control and shaping of the urban characteristic style has become an important part of the current urban construction and development.However,due to the lack of specific grasp in the management and control,the actual planning results are weak,so further study of the city's characteristics and features is of great significance.Firstly,this paper combs the connotation and characteristics of urban characteristic landscape from the needs of planning cognitive region,cognizance and control.It points out that urban feature is the image of cognizable urban landscape related to material form,is related to urban historical and cultural traditions,and is influenced by the group consciousness of the recipients.Urban landscapeshould be understood from two aspects of "meaning" and "form".It is a combination of "form" that people can perceive and "meaning" that the public can understand.In the urban landscape,the "shape" is the part that can be controlled and guided by planning.Planning is based on the material nature of the controlled objects,often through the material space elements of the controlled objects to achieve the control.Therefore,the spatial elements of the controlled objects become the focus of planning attention.The author bases on the relevant urban planning,urban design and related planning research results of the "style" space.The content of element expression is summarized,from which 11 spatial elements which are universally recognized by all parties and which have a major impact on and cognitive support on the presentation of urban landscape are summarized,so as to realize the representation of spatial elements of "urban landscape".In this paper,nine cities with distinctive features,such as Nanjing,Shanghai and Paris,are taken as the research objects,and the high-frequency feature photographs on the network platform are taken as the research information basis.From the perspective of elements of urban planning compilation and management and public cognitive image,the Constitution Law of the characterization of urban features is discussed.The former summarizes the main supporting factors of the city's characteristic landscape through planning,compiling and controlling documents and related research;the latter,starting from the public's perception of landscape image,finds five ways of landscape image vision,each of which has a clear image orientation.Finally,with the help of two-dimensional matrix analysis method and the intuitive perception judgment of professionals,the author deduces the basic law of the characterization of urban features from the two dimensions of landscape prominence and support degree of landscape elements: firstly,the urban features show a clear regional character,and the local features can be used as the representative of urban features;secondly,the urban features can be used as the representative of urban features;The view mainly presents five modes: urban waterfront view,urban green core view,urban landmark view,urban morphology view and urban central view,each of which has a relatively clear image of style and feature type;3)The main supporting elements of urban characteristic features are significant core symbols,landscape environment,characteristic street network,outline,high-rise building community,characteristic landscape area and characteristic landscape area.There are seven types of urban axes.Each type can be used as the grasp of urban landscape planning and control.Finally,the author applies the research results to Taizhou urban design practice,initially tries to define Taizhou urban features,the main supporting elements and the key areas of the characteristics,and makes a useful test of the research conclusions.