Impacts Of Urban Built Environment On The Choices Of Residential Travel Modes In The Job-housing Locations

With the rapid development of China’s urbanization and vehicle motorization,the city scale has continued to expand.Meanwhile,the urban population density and the motor vehicle travel volume have sharply increased.And the rising separation of occupation and residence has led to constant increase of commuting hours and distances for residents.As a result,residents’ auto dependence is going up.Urban spatial structure and urban transportation planning have a decisive impact on residents’ daily lives.Besides,commuting is one of the most significant activities of residents in their daily trips.Therefore,scholars in urban planning and related fields have attached great importance to achieving the healthy development of the city through optimization of the city environment,reduction of the car use and carbon emissions.Foreign research is relatively abundant in this respect while domestic research is poor.The conclusions concerning the choice of built environment factors and the direction and extent of their impact on residents’ commuting behavior are not consistent.Haikou is a tropical island city where its urban construction and residents’ travel show typical characteristics of adapting to tropical climate.According to the 2018 traffic analysis report of China’s major cities,Haikou is ranked 24 th in traffic congestion,with an average commuting time of 25.7 minutes per trip.The accelerated pace of urbanization has led to increasingly prominent problems such as traffic tidal congestion,residents’ "difficult commuting" and residents’ declining quality of life.How to relieve commuter pressure and guide residents to travel slowly and take public transportation has become a difficult problem in the construction of Haikou’s low-carbon transportation system.Based on the 2019 questionnaire survey data of residents’ commuting travel in Haikou city,combined with the calculated built environment factors.This paper uses multiple logit regression models to analyze the influence of built environment variables in major cities on residents’ commuting travel in Haikou city.By analyzing the strategies to solve and slow down the urban traffic problems,so as to provide decision-making basis for sustainable urban planning and traffic management.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:The elements of Haikou built environment show obvious regional differences in spatial distribution and typical spatial agglomeration pattern in the central urban area.All factors and residents’ social and economic attributes affect residents’ choice of commuting.The population density and the degree of land use mixing in the central urban area are significantly higher than that in other areas.The central urban area has better accessibility to the city center and to bus stops than other areas.Dense areas of roads are mainly distributed near main roads,and the density of branch roads is relatively low.The employment accessibility of residents in the western part of the central urban area is better than that in the eastern part.According to the survey,the average commuting time is 20.19 minutes and the average commuting distance is 3.17 km.Electric vehicles and cars are the main commuting modes for residents in Haikou City.The built environment of the city has a significant impact on residents’ choice of commuting modes.The built environment of the residence has a greater impact,while that of the workplace has a smaller impact on residents’ choice of commuting modes.Under the background of controlling the characteristics of individual social attributes,increasing the population density of residence,land use mix and employment accessibility can improve the probability of residents choosing slow travel and public transport travel and thus reducing the use of cars.With the further the distance between the residence and the city center,the residents prefer public transportation to cars.The higher the population density and road network density,the more likely residents are to commute by electric vehicles.Based on the above results,on the one hand,Haikou city should optimize the layout of multi-center cities,provide good transportation infrastructure and high-grade comprehensive land use modes,develop intensive land use,improve the mixing degree of land use,promote the balance between occupation and residence,and ensure the coordinated development of urban spatial structure and road network.On the other hand,residents are the main body of commuting behavior,and their individual social attribute characteristics will also affect residents’ commuting behavior.Therefore,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the impact of the socio-economic attributes of the residents and the factors of the built environment of the city,and develop targeted urban transport optimization policies in terms of optimizing the urban land use pattern,building a transit-oriented city,advocating slow travel modes,and appropriately restricting electric vehicle travel.Only by taking multiple measures together can we effectively alleviate urban traffic problems in Haikou City.