Study On The Influences Of Urban Planning Elements On The Spatial Distribution Of Traffic Noise

Traffic noise pollution caused by urban development is serious.Urban planning,as a reasonable layout of the city and the comprehensive deployment of various constructions,traffic noise pollution is closely related to it.The existing noise research is less carried out at the planning level,and the methods used are mainly mathematical statistics,which ignores the spatial information.Based on the three urban planning levels of building,block and district,this study respectively corresponds to the grid scale of 150 m × 150 m,300m × 300 m and600 × 600 m.Ten indicators of urban planning elements are selected,and spatial statistics and spatial measurement methods are used to study the impact of urban planning elements on traffic noise.The results are as follows:(1)Building level: it is proved that the spatial distribution of traffic noise has aggregation,and the key planning elements in the aggregation area are obtained.The main planning elements are road length fraction(RLF),road area fraction(RAF),building density area fraction(BPAF),landscape shape index of buildings(LSI_B),and landscape shape index of street blocks(LSI_S).The spatial autocorrelation proves that there are four kinds of noise clustering phenomena in traffic noise.And there is a significant difference in RAF,LSI_B and LSI_S,between the High-High and Low-Low cluster datas.And the difference between the internal and external noise values of High-Low and Low-High clusters units is 5-10 db.This helps to identify problematic buildings from the perspective of urban governance.(2)Block level: it is proved that there is spatial heterogeneity in the impact of urban planning elements on traffic noise.The main planning elements of this level are landscape shape index of roads(LSI_R),RLF,LSI_B,LSI_S.Firstly,the influence of different planning elements on traffic noise is compared.The optimal combination of planning elements is selected by geographical weighted regression.The spatial autocorrelation analysis of the regression coefficient which represents the degree of interpretation of planning elements shows that there are two main phenomena: High-High and Low-Low clusters.This also means that for the designated area,traffic noise level can be significantly improved through specific planning element indicators(High-High clusters).(3)Area level: to clarify the internal mechanism of the impact of urban planning elements on traffic noise,and to regulate urban planning elements through urban regulatory planning,so as to affect the noise level of the area.The planning elements related to noise in this level are RAF,BPAF,floor space index(FSI),building surface area to plan area ratio(BSAPAR).Compared with the traditional measurement model and the spatial measurement model,the spatial auto regressive model has the best fitting degree(SAR).Calculation by spillover effect,LSI_R and RAF show positive direct and indirect effects,while LSI_B is the opposite.And the total effect of LSI_R is twice as much as RAF and LSI_B.In addition,the indirect effect is higher than the direct effect,which indicates that the noise level in this area will be significantly affected by the planning and control of adjacent areas at the area level(4)For a planning element indicator,the planning levels of influence are different.For example,RLF has positive and negative correlation with traffic noise at the Building level and Block level,while it has no impact on traffic noise at the Area level.This shows that the noise control strategies of different planning levels should be different.This paper analyzes the spatial impact of planning elements on traffic noise,which will provide technical support for noise control in planning.