Comparative Study On The Effect Of Fiscal And Taxation Policies On Promoting The Development Of New Energy Vehicles Industry

With the deterioration of the global ecological environment and the shortage of energy,China has put forward the concept of "green development" which could promote the sustainable and healthy development of economy.New energy vehicles have become one of the main development directions in the future because of the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection.Since 2009,the goverment has begun to vigorously support the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.With the efforts of all parties,the scale of new energy vehicles' promotion and sales has grown rapidly.In 2019,the production and sales of new energy vehicles have reached 1.422 million and 1.226 million,respectively;but they also face some problems such as the weak industrial competitiveness,imperfect matching infrastructure,subsidy dependence and so on,thus the government has gradually adjusted its fiscal and taxation policies to improve the utilization efficiency of financial funds and to achieve the sustainable and healthy development of the industry.In order to study the impact of the current fiscal and taxation policies on the new energy automobile industry,we adopt a multidisciplinary approach of combining theoretical analysis and application analysis.First of all,we analyze the current situation of the new energy automobile industry by consulting the data.And then the paper explores the mechanism of the fiscal and tax policies on the new energy automobile industry;secondly,it summarizes the fiscal and tax support policies related to the new energy automobile industry in China,and compare these policies of developed countries on the new energy automobile industry.And then we propose the new energy automobile industry regulations in China.Thirdly,we build a model by collecting the micro data from Listed Companies in the new energy automobile industry,and use the fixed effect model to analyze the relationship among the main business income,investment in innovation and taxation preferential policies of enterprises.Then we analyze the meaning of the empirical results.At the same time,according to the empirical results,we put forward some suggestions for improving the new energy automobile industryThe research draws the following conclusions:First,by analyzing the relevant financial and taxation policies of the new energy automobile industry,we can find that in the early stage of the development of the new energy automobile industry,Chinese goverment has formulated various preferential policies to promote the development of enterprises and initially achieved the effect of scale economy.As the new energy vehicle industry becomes increasingly matures,the government gradually reduces the financial subsidies for new energy vehicles to form a unified and fair competition environment.But at the same time,it also increases the preferential tax support for new energy vehicle technology innovation,which effectively promotes the development of the core technology of new energy vehicle industry;in the second place,the empirical results show that: taxation preferential policies significantly improve the R & D investment in the stage of sales to drive the performance of enterprises,while the financial subsidies have a low impact on the R & D investment of enterprises.On the sales side,the coefficient of effect of tax return is 0.1204,while the coefficient of financial subsidy is 0.0107.In the production side,the effect of taxation preferential policies on the development of enterprises is better than that of financial subsidies by affecting the input of production factors of enterprises;third,the paper puts forward suggestions from three aspects according to the current policy analysis and empirical results: firstly,we should improve the assessment mechanism of financial subsidies to improve the threshold of financial subsidies.we should avoid the confusion in order to promote the survival of the fittest industry;second,we should introduce the support standards of industrial financial and taxation policies as soon as possible.And the we should increase the preferential strength of industrial research and development links to ensure the production.Finally,we should strengthen the construction of local supporting facilities,such as encouraging local governments to build more charging stations and giving preferential electricity use.Through the above suggestions we can build a fair industrial competition environment,to achieve high-quality development of new energy automobile industry.