Study On Fiscal Policies Of China's New Energy Vehicle Industry

Automobile manufacturing is one of the pillar industries of China's national economy,and its industrial transformation and upgrading are of great significance to China's supply-side reform.In recent years,as a result of high energy consumption and high pollution of traditional fuel vehicles,new energy vehicles have been praised by many countries and gradually developed in the world.In 2017,the UK,France,Germany and other countries announced a timetable for the withdrawal of fuel vehicles from the market,and China also launched a study on the ban on fuel vehicles.At the BFA in 2018,the government announced that Hainan would become the first province in China to fully forbid fuel vehicles by 2030.All these indicate that the new energy automobile is the future of vehicle industry,and also expected to become one of the most promising industries in China.Since 2000,China has issued a series of fiscal policies for the new energy automobile industry,and the analysis of these policies is conducive to the benign development of the new energy automobile industry.The theoretical analysis and empirical analysis are combined as the research methods in this paper.It takes the fiscal policy of China's new energy automobile industry as the research object,analyzed the financial subsidies and tax policy respectively.In order to understand the policy evolution,the paper divides the subsidy policies from 2001 to present into four periods:research and development subsidy period,model promotion period,big subsidy era and post-subsidy era,and summarizes the subsidy standard,quantity of vehicles subsidized and financial subsidy expenditure,and analyzed the rationality of current subsidy policy by using the social surplus effect of subsidy and the whole life cycle analysis.The current tax preferential policies are discussed from the perspectives of producers and consumers.Combined with the contrast among Chinese and foreign policies practice,this paper argues that local protection,imperfect policy system and the contradiction between the dependence to subsidy and the subsidy exciting plan is three problems need to be solved;The insufficiency of tax incentives,unreasonableness of the policy system concerning structure of tax burden and the scope of preferential policies,and the absence of the reverse incentivepolicy are problems of present tax preferential policies.Based on the current situation of new energy vehicles industry,by analyzing the policy demands of industry development,the problems existing in the current fiscal policy and its causes,the article proposed corresponding Suggestions from removing regional protectionism,improve the subsidy policy system and implement subsidy existing plan careful.Then it puts forward tax policy recommendations as strengthening the preferential,adjusting the tax structure and increasing the adverse incentives.