| Nowadays,the energy issue is a priority research area to stabilize national development and safeguard national security.With the development of society,the contradiction among the "energy-economy-environment" is becoming increasingly acute,and problems such as overcapacity of coal,environmental degradation have emerged in an endless stream.It is extremely urgent to build a clean and low-carbon,safe and efficient modern energy system.The structural reform of energy supply side is an important strategic measure to promote the development of the new normal of economy.As the material basis and key driving force of the high-quality development of China’s economy,the structural reform of energy supply side is of primary importance.The structural reform of the energy supply side mainly includes three major tasks: resolving excess capacity,releasing high-quality production capacity,and promoting clean energy consumption.Basing on the resource endowment of rich coal,little oil and poor gas in China,fossil energy such as coal still dominates the energy consumption structure,and coal mining through high energy consumption and low efficiency methods produces a lot of environmental pollutants and reduces the effective output of energy consumption.Therefore,exploring effective ways to improve the energy efficiency has become the key to the current stage of energy transformation in China.As a key measure in the process of energy transformation,the structural reform of the energy supply side is of great significance to improve energy efficiency and relieve the pressure of ecological environment.Based on the structural reform policy of energy supply side,this paper uses the data envelopment analysis and the spatial measurement model to study the energy efficiency problem taking the Chinese provinces as the research object.Suggestions are made to solve the energy supply side contradiction and improve the supply quality.Firstly,it interprets the connotation of energy efficiency,supply-side structural reform theory and energy economics theory,and introduces the concept of energy efficiency and the transmission mechanism of influencing factors in this paper.Secondly,based on the cleaning development requirements of the supply side,the paper builds a “multi-input,multi-output” energy efficiency indicator system,and uses the Super-SBM model to measure energy efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency including undesired outputs,and analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution trend of energy efficiency.Thirdly,the global Moran’s I index is calculated to test the spatial correlation of energy efficiency in various provinces according to Queen’s first-order neighboring matrix.And Moran scatter plot,LISA cluster graph and hot spot analysis in local autocorrelation analysis are used to explore the spatial agglomeration characteristics of energy efficiency in various provinces.Fourthly,taking the time of the energy supply side reform policy as the research node,the paper establishes the spatial static and spatial dynamic Doberman model to explore the spatial spillover effects and the spatial transmission mechanism of technological innovation,energy consumption structure,sulfur dioxide emissions,soot emissions,and wastewater discharge,economic development level,openness to the outside world and clean energy development level on energy efficiency.Finally,the spatial heterogeneity among the eastern,central and western regions is tested by the dynamic Doberman model,and the paper develops policy recommendations for improving energy supply quality and energy efficiency according to the supply side cleaning development requirements.The research results show that:(1)The development of energy efficiency in China’s provincial regions is not balanced and there is a large space for improvement.The energy efficiency of Tianjin,Shanghai,Jiangsu,Guangdong is relatively high.Gansu,Guizhou,Xinjiang,Ningxia,Qinghai,Hainan,Shanxi,Yunnan have the relatively low energy efficiency,and energy efficiency has not increased significantly except Guizhou.(2)Technological progress and optimization of input-output scale have a positive role in promoting the energy efficiency.According to the decomposition results,it can be seen that the provinces with higher energy efficiency have correspondingly higher technical efficiency,but the corresponding scale efficiency is mostly in an "invalid" state.And this result indicates that the scale efficiency of each province is urgently needed to be optimized.(3)From the perspective of spatial distribution,energy efficiency has significant spatial dependence,and it has the spatial distribution characteristics of east high and west low.The hot spot area(high-value area)is concentrated in the east coast and adjacent areas,and the cold spot area(low-value area)is concentrated in the western region,and the agglomeration effect in the central region is not significant.(4)Energy efficiency has significant dynamic effect.The time lag term and the spatial lag term of energy efficiency have a significant effect on the improvement of their own energy efficiency.(5)From the perspective of energy influencing factors,energy consumption structure and soot emission have significant negative long-term and short-term direct spillover effects on energy efficiency;Sulfur dioxide and openness to the outside world have significant positive long-term and short-term direct spillover effects on energy efficiency;Economic development level has significant positive long-term and short-term direct spillover effects on energy efficiency in the region and significant negative long-term and short-term indirect spillover effects on the surrounding areas;The long-term spillover effect is greater than the short-term spillover effect as a whole.(6)Compared with the model results before and after the promulgation of the policy,the implementation of structural reform of energy supply side has a significant impact on the spatial spillover effects.Through comparing the spatial spillover effects before and after the promulgation of the policy,it is found that the energy consumption structure and the development level of clean energy sources gradually become the key factors which can affect the improvement of energy efficiency with the promulgation and implementation of the policy.(7)There is significant spatial heterogeneity in the spatial spillover effects among various regions.In the eastern region,the energy consumption structure,environmental pollution and the degree of openness to the outside world have a significant impact on the improvement of energy efficiency.In the central region and western region,openness to the outside world has no significant impact on the energy efficiency.In the eastern region,the level of economic development and the level of openness to the outside world have a certain impact on the energy efficiency of the surrounding areas,but this phenomenon does not exist in the central and western regions.According to the research results,the paper provides some suggestions to promote energy efficiency from the aspects of energy supply,energy structure,environmental regulation,opening up and technological progress.In the development of energy transformation,every province should further deepen the structural reform of energy supply side,actively optimize and adjust the energy consumption structure,implement environmental protection policy,vigorously develop and popularize clean energy,promote high-quality economic development,and achieve energy transformation. |
PDF Full Text Request