Research On Urban Pattern Of Pontianak In Indonesia

As a waterfront city in Indonesia,the existence of Kapuas river as a source of life in socio-culture of Pontianak that implement the urban spatial pattern.Urban growth and development of a city is directly proportional to the socio-cultural,economic and political development.The development is also accompanied by population growth,either by natural or non-natural growth which leads to the formation of the urban morphological and urban spatial pattern of the city.The purpose of this study is to identify the urban morphology and urban spatial pattern in waterfront area in Pontianak city.In this study,the urban pattern and morphology is based on the structural,functional and visual aspects.The morphological pattern is analyzed using three urban design criteria,which are figure ground,linkage,and place.Waterfront cities are rooted in geographical factors and historical archipelago architecture where the city's development is based and oriented on spatial order and waterways.The river is a vein the lives of people who have been hereditary in Kalimantan.Basically,the cities in Kalimantan growth and develop from the forerunner riverbank settlement.The cities in Kalimantan are now being developed tend to be very fast,on the contrary in its development,urban areas in Kalimantan are less concerned about river potential that it has,so it tends to develop into mainland cities.When city need the settlement in overcoming the whole existing problems,this research is needed by as study which can explain the growth form that happened and weakness faced.So that the intention of this research can see the intensity and integrity of growth of urban pattern in transformation of culture values its forming.Location of research as chosen area in this research lay in Pasar Kapuas Besar as area of river side which is initially representing downtown and have experienced of the urban generation of physical element and also nonphysical elements.This research method that have been used in this dissertation is rationalistic qualitative with the approach analyst the synchronization by super technique of impose from its growth periods.Variable in this research include aspect figure-ground(From the growth,urban solid-void,transformation of area space),linkage(system of area movement),place(economic values of society).This study describes the urban morphology of Pontianak river side which is the core area in the city of Pontianak.This area was made as one of the representations of water areas that are considered special.As the result on this research,the journey of growth Pontianak city in three period show the happening of social values change culture of society of river side oriented at economic socio formed by indigenous community and Chinese's immigrant expansion of urban space,this matter is caused with the existence of forming two pattern of canals infrastructure in area.So that in one of the movement patterns generate to feel the ownership of to ditch as commercial space later on grow to become the formation of building.As a result emerge the expression of urban pattern formed free image of river life in area.The research in this study is divided into six chapters,first chapter,is an introduction which is a description of the theories,problems and research methods on writing this thesis.Second chapter contains the theoretical studies that discussing concepts and theories relating to the objective of the study that include morphological theory and urban development based on urban spatial.Beside that,there is also a research hypothesis at the end of chapter.Third chapter is an overview of which components that form the Pontianak city urban spatial layout according to the area of research.Fourth Chapter contains a description of the research area that includes an explanation of the urban development and the factual conditions of the area that described through maps and figures.Fifth Chapter,it is the key point of the research by applying synchronous analysis or tissue analysis at every stage of its development based on the period of urban spatial growth.Sixth Chapter is compiled with overall conclusions about the subtance research and further recommendations that can be made for the usage of next project.This research focuses on socio-cultural aspects because the banks of the Kapuas river have strong socio-cultural characteristics to be developed in open space.The research method used in this research is qualitative descriptive research with observation and interview.This study aims to produce the concept of open space arrangement on the city center that based on sustainable tourism: 1)Maintain and open the visual of historic buildings;2)Creating open space as a social area and cultural attraction;3)Provide supporting facilities;4)Material selection;5)Improving the quality of road space and street furniture;6)Improvement of waste management;7)Develop the concept of mix use.