Simulation Study On Fire Emergrncy Evacuation Of High-rise Building Based On BIM

As n space carrier to support the economic and social development and people's production and life,high-rise buildings have been developing rapidly in recent years,at the same time,fire safety accidents also emerge in cndlessly,Frequent high-rise building fires cause great casualties and economic losses,but alsohave a negative social imppact,It is urgent to carry out research on fire emergency evacuation management.The traditional research on fire emergency evacuationof high-rise buiklings has some disadvantages,such as non intuitive,difficult to quantify,poor repeatability,and so on.Building information modeling(hereinafter referred to as "BIM")as a new technology of integrating all parametric information of engineering,can provide a more refined simulation environment for fire development and crowd evacuation simulation research,and help to intuitively and deeply analyze the fire development and evacuation process.Therefore,based on BIM Technology to carry out high-rise building fire emergency evacuation simulation research,has important research value and practical significance.Based on the analysis of the development law of high-rise building fire,the evacuation characteristics of high-rise building and the application of BIM model,this paper combines BIM model with gyrosim and Pathfindedr simulation software,and simulates the crowd evacuation of high-rise building under the seenario of the fifth floor fire,This paper analyzes the influence ofdifferent building factors on evacuation efficiency,and puts forward the optimization seheme ofbuilding structure according to the results,and finally puts forward the fire emergency evacuationmanagement countermeasures of high-risebuildings,the main research results are as follows:(1)Based on BIM model and pyrosim software,high-rise building fire seenatio is assumed.The BIM model of high-rise building is constructed by using the core modeling software of Revit.According to the statistical analysis of typical high-rise building fire accidents in China,assuming the fire event on the fifth floor,the BIM model information is extracted by pyrosim software,and the basic parameters of simulation analysis are set up to aonstruct the corresponding high-rise building fire simulation model.(2)Based on BIM model and Pathfinder software,crowd evacuation simulation of high-rise buildings is carried out.By defining the critical value of evacuation dangerous state,the critical value of high temperature is 65?,the critical value of CO concentration is 1600ppm,and the critical value of visibility is 4m.Based on this,the available safety time of high-rise buildings is 368.7s.In the hypothetical fire situation,based on BIM model and Pathfinder software,the evacuation situation of high-rise buildings is simulated.The total evacuation time is 406.5 s under the normal state,which is difficult to realize the safe evacuation of all personnel,and the overall evacuation efficiency needs to be further improved.(3)The influence of different building factors on crowd evacuation in high-rise buildings is analyzed.Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of crowd evacuation in high-rise buildings,this paper simulates the crowd evacuation process under four different building factors:fire elevator,fire stairs,staircase accumulation and emergency exit,and selects the optimal evacuation parameters.Referring to the standard requirements of building fire protection design,the structure of high-rise building is optimized from the perspective of emergency safety evacuation.The optimization scheme shows that the evacuation efficiency is the highest when 50%of the personnel use the fire elevator for evacuation,the width of the emergency exit is 3.0 m,the fire stairs are of parallel double running type and there is no accumulation in the building,which can realize the safe evacuation of all personnel.(4)The Countermeasures of fire emergency evacuation for high-rise buildings are put forward.From the perspective of high-rise building management department,building design and evacuation personnel,this paper puts forward countermeasures and measures to improve the high-rise building fire-fighting early-warning management system,optimize the high-rise building evacuation structure design scheme,and strengthen the personnel emergency evacuation self-help ability,so as to improve the high-rise building fire-fighting emergency evacuation efficiency.