Research On Emergency Evacuation Model And Simulation Of High-rise Building Fire Based On BI

With the rapid development of my country’s economy,the density of urban population has also been rising,resulting in the shortage of available land resources in the city.In order to meet the various needs of urban residents for land,high-rise buildings stand out from a variety oflleng building types.However,because the complex structure of high-rise buildings is difficult to manage in all aspects of safety,it also brings great cha es to the fire safety management of high-rise buildings.The complex structure of high-rise buildings will increase the difficulty of fire emergency evacuation in the event of a fire,which can easily cause casualties and property damage.Therefore,for such problems,it is urgent to carry out fire emergency evacuation model and simulation research.BIM(Building Information Modeling)is to provide a complete and consistent building engineering information base for this model by establishing a virtual three-dimensional building engineering model and using digital technology.The fire emergency evacuation simulation research carried out in this paper through BIM technology can provide a more realistic simulation environment for fire development scenarios and personnel evacuation conditions,which is conducive to more intuitive and in-depth analysis of fire development scenarios and personnel evacuation conditions.This paper aims at the fire safety evacuation of high-rise buildings.In the early stage,through the analysis of the fire evolution law of high-rise buildings,the crowd evacuation characteristics of high-rise buildings and the application of BIM model,the BIM model is combined with Pyrosim and Pathfinder simulation software.Taking a high-rise building as an example,the emergency evacuation model and simulation research are carried out when assuming a fire on the tenth floor.The influence of different building factors on evacuation efficiency is analyzed,and the management countermeasures for fire emergency evacuation of high-rise buildings are put forward according to the analysis results.The main research results are as follows:(1)Based on the creation of BIM model,the BIM model is imported into Pyrosim software for high-rise building fire simulation.Firstly,use Revit 2018 software to create the corresponding BIM model based on the selected project profile,and then refer to the case analysis of different highrise building fire accidents at home and abroad.Assuming the scene of sudden fire on the tenth floor of the building,the BIM model is simplified into a conforming format,import into the Pyrosim software,set the simulation parameters,build a high-rise building fire model,and then perform fire simulation.(2)Based on the creation of the BIM model,the BIM model is imported into the Pathfinder software for fire evacuation simulation of high-rise buildings.Through the analysis from the perspective of smoke spread degree,CO concentration change,temperature change and visibility change,it is concluded that the critical value of temperature risk that personnel can bear in high-rise buildings is 60℃,the critical value of CO concentration is 1600 ppm,and the critical value of visibility is 4m.In Pathfinder software,the created BIM model is sorted out and merged into the emergency evacuation model of high-rise building.After simulation,it is found that all people on the fire floor have entered the fire stairwell before 350 s.Therefore,based on this judgment,it can be concluded that the high-rise building can evacuate safely,but the emergency evacuation simulation needs to be further studied.(3)The optimization scheme of fire emergency evacuation of highrise buildings is proposed.The efficiency of fire emergency evacuation in case of sudden fire in high-rise buildings has been realized through comprehensive analysis and optimization from three aspects: internal structure of high-rise buildings,layout of fire-fighting facilities and fire emergency plan.