Study On The Disaster Prevention And Risk Avoidance Green Space Of Shenyang Agricultural University Based On The Simulation Of Anylogic

As a national talent training base,the school has a large number of perfect infrastructure and open space for emergency shelter,but the school's disaster prevention and avoidance is the weak point of current research,and the scientific research on campus disaster prevention and avoidance planning is even less.Through the research on the influencing factors of the campus disaster prevention and avoidance planning,the effective area and service radius of the campus emergency shelter are determined,so as to select and divide the evacuation destination and responsibility area,and then set the width,number and emergency entrance and exit of the campus emergency shelter channel.Taking Shenyang Agricultural University as an example,it is found that it meets the requirements of being a disaster prevention and risk avoidance site.It can be selected as the research object,in-depth investigation and analysis of its green space,sports venues,building layout,population distribution,etc.,as the basic data of evacuation simulation experiment.This paper uses the software of anylogic to simulate the evacuation of Shenyang Agricultural University,finds out the evacuation problems of the spatial conditions of the campus,such as the distribution of buildings,the distribution of people,the distribution of emergency shelters,the planning of refuge roads,etc.,analyzes its advantages and disadvantages,and conducts District experiments on the campus,finds out the congestion phenomena in different areas,studies the causes of congestion in different areas,and finds out the reasons In view of the deficiencies in the planning,the paper puts forward the corresponding transformation suggestions and strategies,and gives some scientific opinions on the new or completed campus.The main causes of congestion and solutions are as follows:(1)Most of the school sports grounds are equipped with fences,which leads to the overclosure of the emergency shelters and brings great obstacles to the evacuation.Therefore,it is necessary to reduce the number of emergency shelters or increase some entrances and exits for the evacuation of the refugees.For the newly-built campus,2 or more entrances and exits shall be set on each long side of the fence of the sports ground with a normal playground area per hectare,depending on the site planning,1 or more entrances and exits shall be set on the short side.If there is an adjacent sports ground,the entrances and exits shall be added on the adjacent side,and the corresponding entrances and exits shall be added on a hectare basis.For the built campus,the redundant fences of each sports ground shall be added Dismantle and increase the entrance and exit of emergency shelter.(2)The distribution of school buildings is unreasonable,and the dormitory area where students live has a large number of people.However,the dense distribution of buildings and unreasonable evacuation entrances and exits lead to the congestion of people during evacuation.If it is in the early stage of campus planning,the density and height of the school dormitory should be carefully considered.Considering the impact of falling objects in the event of a disaster,a green belt with a safe distance of 3M should be set around the building.For the built campus,the entrance and exit of the building should be reset,and the entrance and exit of the building should face the emergency evacuation site to save the evacuation time.(3)The school emergency shelters are not evenly distributed,there are many green spaces in the teaching area but the utilization rate is not high,the buildings in the dormitory area are relatively dense,and there are few evacuation sites.For the newly-built campus,the open green space of the teaching area and dormitory area should be reasonably arranged at the beginning of the planning to avoid the high building density in the dormitory area,the students' dormitory should be set up separately,and the safe emergency shelter and emergency escape channel should be reserved.For the built campus,the emergency shelter should be opened beside the too dense buildings as a short-term emergency shelter.For example,the original vegetation landscape area with trees,shrubs and grass should be rationally utilized,shrubs should be reduced,and evacuation space should be increased to meet the requirements of the short-term emergency shelter.(4)The emergency escape passage is not set up in a standard way.The passage shall not be set within3 M around the building.The adjacent distance of the building shall not be less than 1 / 3 of the height of the building to avoid personal injury caused by falling objects of the building.The building density of the new campus shall be set according to the above standards;for the existing campus,on the premise that the building location cannot be changed,new emergency escape channels shall be opened to relieve the evacuation pressure of the congested area,and at the same time,the safety of the evacuation process shall be increased.(5)The infrastructure construction of disaster prevention campus,the distribution map of emergency shelters and the placement of disaster prevention signs,students can usually pay attention to the safe road for evacuation,guide the evacuation of the affected people,and avoid the factors that hinder the emergency evacuation in the campus,such as unnecessary elevation difference design in the campus,fixed stone piers to avoid the traffic outside the campus,and water area materials The solution can be replaced by other forms of the same nature.