Study On Substrates And Understory Cultivation Of Dendrobium Officinale

The Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo(Orchidaceae),also known as black grass,is the leader of the top nine medicinal herbs in our country,which belong to the state of endangered plant secondary protection.As far as we known,researches about Dendrobium officinale were mainly on its morphological and biological characteristics,ecological and medicinal functions and economic values.But there was no system research of artificial cultivation.In order to protect the wild resources of Dendrobium,it is very important to develop its artificial cultivation,especially understory cultivation.We are not only focused on the demand of natural forest imitation of wild forests growing,but also carry out the related research.The objectives were the most effective substrate in seedling cultivation and the affection of growth in different affiliated tree species and planting height and.different canopy density.The main achievements of our studies are as following:In simple greenhouse,the seedling transplant survival rate and growth of Dendrobium was significant effect by substrate.The highest survival rate of it was peanut shells substrate(97.9%),secondly was pine and Acacia mangium bark substrate,and the lowest was100% water moss.The best growth of Dendrobium was planting in peanut shells,secondly was planting in mixture substrate(pine,peanut shell and acacia bark mixed in equal volumes).The growth rate of Dendrobium was effected by different seasons.In early summer(June to July)the monthly average growth rate was 2.09 cm per thirty-day,followed by the late spring(April to May)and early autumn(September to October)(1.53 and 1.75 cm per thirty-day),and lowest in middle summer(1.01 cm per thirty-day).But there was not different in the final of the dry weight of stem.With best substrate and strengthen management,the seedling height can reach7 ~ 8 cm in 3 months,which can satisfy the request sizes of the Dendrobium to attach tree planting forests and start forests cultivated material production.Therefore,the best matrix of seedling cultivation of Dendrobium was mixture substrate and peanut shells.Among the under forestry planting,the growth of Dendrobium was significant impacted by affiliated tree,However,there was no significant interaction between tree species and height.The best main tree species is Acacia mangium and sandalwood and the middle of trunk(above the ground 1.2 to 1.5 meters)is optimal planting height.The most favorable growth condition for affiliated tree planting of Dendrobium was30-50% canopy density and 64% incidence rate,which increased 44.23% and 7.06% of height compared to crown density 50-70% to 70-90% and the condition of potted.The diameter of affiliated sandalwood and Dalbergia odorifera increased 16.07% and 18.33%,which comparing to no additional kind of them.