Growth And Quality Formation Of Grape Berry Under Delayed Cultivation In Solar Greenhouse Condition

Grape has the ability of multiple fruiting,delayed cultivation by way of multiple fruiting and non-dormancy-techniques to produce high quality and unique flavor fruits for the Spring Festival market is one of main aims of grape protected cultivation.Producing grape in Spring Festival has great significance on filling in the market gap of table grape,supplying grape all year around and increasing the income of farmers.The key techniques of producing grape in the Spring Festival include selecting of cultivars or strains with capability of multiple fruiting and non-dormancy,controlling the temperature and humidity of greenhouse,adjusting the time to market and supporting integrated culture techniques.In this experiment,10-7 grape in the open field as CK,and 10-7 grape in the solar greenhouse as materials to study the size of panicles and bud,the weight of single berry and the fruit quality at different times after cutting back pruning.Paraffin sections were used to observe the anatomical structure of the 10-7 grape skins during the young and mature stages.The results showed that:1.With the delay of the short cut time,the coloring time of the 10-7 grape fruit was decreased slightly compared with CK,the fruit treated on August 16 had began to be colored in 55 days after the end of flowering,the coloring time for this treatment was the shortest time.2.The length and width of spikes of 10-7 grape in the solar greenhouse after treatment on August 16 were 14.89 cm and 5.97 cm,respectively,and only significantly higher than the other two treatments in the greenhouse,but there was no difference with CK.10-7 grape with best spike quality after the treatment on August 16 is suitable under delaying cultivation conditions in the solar greenhouse,which can lay a foundation for excellent quality fruit getting listed on the Spring Festival.3.The treatment on August 16 of the fruit quality,such as the size of fruit,the weight of single berry,the weight of single grape ear and yield had no difference with CK after ripening.However,the content(22.1%)of sugar and anthocyanin(161.96 U/g)were significantly higher than that of the open field cultivation.In general,the 10-7 grapes in solar greenhouse treated on August 16 may be best suitable for delayed cultivation conditions to get listed on the Spring Festival table grapes in order to get better production efficiency.4.Compared with 10-7 grape fruits in the open field,the thickness of fruit skin of 10-7 grape in the delayed cultivation during the young and mature-stage were slightly increased.There had differences in the number of epidermal cell layer and thickness.The main difference is that the surface of the grape fruit with delayed cultivation is 2 layers,and the CK is only one layer.There were also differences in the number of sub-epidermis cell layer,the sub-epidermis thickness and sub-epidermal cell cross-sectional area.The sub-epidermis cell of 10-7 grape fruits in the open field had 3~4 layers and 10-7 grape fruit in the solar greenhouse had 4~5 layers,which was significantly thicker than that of fruit in the open field.However,its sub-epidermal cell cross-sectional area was significantly smaller than that of fruit in the open field,and sub-epidermal cells were closely arranged.