Evaluation On The Eco-agriculture Development Based On DEA Method

The sustained high-speed economic growth is accompanied by severe ecological damage and high consumption of natural resources,and the traditional mode of agricultural production already cannot meet the requirements of sustainable development.So,it is one of the effective ways of agricultural sustainable development to developing eco-agriculture.In order to accelerate the development of eco-agriculture,the DEA is introduced into the evaluation of eco-agriculture in this paper,based on the principle of eco-economic system,taking the construction of evaluation system of eco-agriculture development as the research goal,to constructe the evaluation index system of eco-agriculture development.Based on the statistical data,this paper compares the effects of PCA,canonical correlation analysis method and entropy method on reducing dimension of evaluation index.The level of eco-agriculture development at provincial level and county level is evaluated based on DEA.It provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable and healthy development of eco-agriculture,also provides a methodological theory for improving the evaluation system of eco-agriculture development.Through the research,this paper draws the following conclusions:1.The basic framework of eco-agriculture development evaluation index system based on DEA is constructed.It is based on the input-output cycle in agro-ecological economic system,requires that the connotation of eco-agriculture and indicator criteria should be taken as the principle to select indicators.2.The evaluation system of eco-agriculture development based on DEA is constructed.The step is,first,determining the evaluation index system based on its basic framework.After data acquiring,organizing and standardizing,using dimension reduction method to reduce the dimension of evaluation indicators.Then Super-deficient DEA model is applied to evaluate the relative efficiency of the evaluation system,and the result is the relative level of eco-agriculture of regions.3.The provincial evaluation index system of eco-agriculture includes 13 input indexes and 10 output indexes.Through comparing evaluation process and results of different dimensionality reduction methods,it is concluded that PCA is more suitable for the evaluation of provincial ecol-agriculture development based on DEA method:(1)Through the PCA method,original indexes were reduced to 3 input indexes and 3output indexes.Then it was found by DEA that,Inner Mongolia,Shanghai,Shandong,Jiangsu,Heilongjiang,Shanxi ranked in the top 6 in turn,so they are at high level of eco-agriculture.Tianjin,Jilin,Beijing,Liaoning,Hubei,Zhejiang,Fujian,Chongqing,Anhui,Sichuan,Shaanxi,Hebei,Henan ranked in the middle in turn,and they are at the middle level.Guangdong,Xinjiang,Jiangxi,Guizhou,Hunan,Ningxia,Hainan,Yunnan,Guangxi,Gansu,Qinghai,Tibet ranked in the bottom,so they are at lower level.(2)By analysis of non-efficient region from the point of element configuration,found that if output remains stable,inputs integrated by agricultural land,water,electricity,human resources and capital,infrastructure,and agricultural materials in Tianjin,Shaanxi,and Hebei have not been effectively utilized,inputs integrated by human resources,capital,infrastructure and agricultural supplies from agricultural economic system in Henan were spending too much,the utilization of resources from agricultural ecosystems in Xinjiang is insufficient.If certain investment is maintained,the ecological benefits in Beijing,Sichuan and Henan are not enough.(3)By analysis of non-efficient region from the angle of PTE and SE,found that the main reason that the overall eco-agriculture development efficiency lags behind is the lack of scale efficiency,and all of them are in the state of increasing returns to scale.Among them,Tianjin,Jilin,Beijing,Liaoning,Hubei,Zhejiang,and Fujian have maintained a good level of technology and scale,requiring little improvement.The improvement of Chongqing,Sichuan,Shaanxi,Henan,Guizhou,Xinjiang,Ningxia,Hainan,Qinghai,and Tibet shall be to increase the scale efficiency,expand the production scale so as to achieve the optimal scale and realize the centralized allocation of resources.Guangdong,Hebei and Anhui shall improve technological efficiency,for example,improve the level of technical management,strengthen technology research and development,and increase Investment in science and technology to improve resource utilization.Jiangxi,Hunan,Gansu,Yunnan,and Guangxi have problems in terms of technology and scale,such as inadequate resources utilization and inappropriate scale of deployment,so they should pay attention to the improvement of ecological agricultural technology and the expansion of production scale.4.The evaluation index system of county-level eco-agriculture includes 13 input indexes and 11 output indexes.Through comparing evaluation process and results of different dimensionality reduction methods,it is concluded that principal component analysis is more suitable for the evaluation of county ecol-agriculture development based on DEA method.(1)Through the PCA method,original indexes were reduced to 4 input indexes and 4 output indexes.Then it was found by DEA that,Jianli,Jiayu,Honghu,Jingzhou,Zengdu,Laohekou,Jiangxia,Macheng,Zigui,Jianshi,Yiling,Padong,Lichuan,Tongshan and Xiaonan ranked in the top 15 in turn,so they are at high level of eco-agriculture.Zhong Xiang,Nanzhang,Yunyang,Zaoyang,Tianmen ranked in the middle in turn,and they are at the middle level.Xingshan,Enshi,Yunxi,Wufeng,Dawu,Laifeng,Fangxian,Yingshan and Yangxin ranked in the bottom,so they are at lower level.(2)By analysis of non-efficient region from the point of element configuration,found that if output remains stable,inputs integrated by human capital,capital,infrastructure and agricultural materials in Zaoyang,Zhong Xiang are redundant,inputs integrated by human capital,infrastructure and agricultural supplies in Tianmen were spending too much,funds in Nanzhang were spending too much,inputs of agricultural facilities in Yangxin county were redundant,the natural resources of Fangxian and Enshi are rich but have not been effectively utilized,inputs integrated of natural resources and agricultural facilities in Xingshan and Yingshan are rich but lack of utilization.If certain investment is maintained,outputs integrated of soil and water conservation,economic efficiency,product quality in Zaoyang are not enough,outputs integrated of soil and water conservation,economic efficiency in Yangxin and Zhongxiang are insufficient,improvement of environment quality in Yingshan and Laifeng is not enough,the product quality of Yunxi and Nanzhang is insufficient.(3)By analysis of non-efficient region from the angle of PTE and SE,found that the main reason that the overall eco-agriculture development efficiency lags behind is the lack of scale efficiency.Among them,Zhongxiang and Nanzhang have maintained a good level of technology and scale,and at the state of increasing returns to scale,so they require little improvement.Scale in Yunyang,Zaoyang,Tianmen,Xingshan,Enshi,Yunxi,Wufeng,Da Wu,Laifeng,Fangxian and Yingshan are not reasonable.In which Zaoyang and Tianmen are in the state of increasing returns to scale,so the scale should be reduced appropriately or to expand the eco-agricultural industrial chain under certain investment conditions.Other counties are in the state of diminishing returns on scale,so they should expand the scale of production and realize the centralized allocation of resources.There are two problems in Yangxin County,such as insufficient utilization of resources and inappropriate scale of allocation,and at increasing returns on scale.Therefore,attention should be paid to the improvement of the level of eco-agricultural technology and the expansion of production scale at the same time.