| This paper which is based on the soil and climate characteristics of Ruyang County,Luoyang City,Henan Province,selecting Zhongyan 100 as the material to research the effects of wide and narrow rows and high and low ridges on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco.1.In order to study the effects of different row spacing on photosynthetic characteristics and growth and development of tobacco with wide and narrow row mode.The tobacco ridges were unified into 2.2m big ridges and four treatments were set up.CK: The distance on ridges is 110 cm,the distance between ridges is 110 cm.T1: The distance on ridges is 100 cm,the distance between ridges is 120 cm.T2: The distance on ridges is 90 cm,the distance between ridges is 130 cm.T3: The distance on ridges is 80 cm,the distance between ridges is 140 cm.The soil moisture content,agronomic characters,dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic index,chemical characters,final output value and average price of tobacco in different periods were statistically analyzed.Thus,the effects of different rows of double ridge rows on tobacco growth,development,yield and quality were obtained.The results showed that(1)The planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm and the distance between ridges with 120 cm had better water retention in the middle and late growing stages of tobacco plants.(2)The planting method of the distance on ridges with100 cm and the distance between ridges with 120 cm could effectively promote leaf elongation and increase leaf area index.The height of tobacco plant was significantly increased by the planting method of the distance on ridges with 80 cm and the distance between ridges with 140 cm,but the tobacco stem was the thinnest.(3)The planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm and the distance between ridges with 120 cm promoted the accumulation of dry matter and the growth of root system.The planting method of the distance on ridges with 80 cm and the distance between ridges with 140 cm inhibited the root development of tobacco plants.(4)The distribution of chlorophyll relative content in tobacco plant was upper leaf > middle leaf > lower leaf.The relative chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were promoted by the planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm and the distance between ridges with 120 cm.In the earlier period,the planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm and the distance between ridges with 120 cm increased the water use efficiency,instant solar energy use efficiency and instant carboxyl use efficiency.And the stomatal limitation is the main factor affecting photosynthetic effect.(5)The wide and narrow row reducing sugar and water soluble sugar could adjust the content of disaccharide to the appropriate level,the content of total nitrogen and nicotine in leaves should be raised appropriately,the planting method of the distance between ridges with 100 cm,the distance between ridges with 120 cm could increase the content of potassium.Three treatments with different wide and narrow row distance improved the chemical coordination of leaves.(6)The planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm,the distance between ridges with 120 cm,and the distance between ridges and rows with 90 cm,the distance between ridges with 130 cm can significantly increase the output value,the proportion of superior tobacco and the average price.The planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm,the distance between ridges with 120 cm decreased the output value?It is concluded that the planting method of the distance on ridges with 100 cm,the distance between ridges with 120 cm is better,which is suitable to be popularized in Ruyang tobacco area.2.In order to study the effect of different ridge height on tobacco growth and development under the model of high and low ridges,the experiment was set into single ridge and the three treatments.CK: The height of the ridge was 20 cm,and the wide of the ridge was 60 × 120 cm.T1:The height of the ridge was 30 cm,and the wide of the ridge was 60 × 120 cm.T2:The height of the ridge was 40 cm,and the wide of the ridge was 60 × 120 cm.The soil moisture content,agronomic characters,dry matter accumulation,chemical characters,final output value and average price of tobacco field in different periods were clculated.Thus,the effects of different ridge height cultivation models on tobacco growth,development,yield and quality were obtained.The results showed that :(1)the soil moisture content was increased effectively in the first and middle period of thr trearment of ridge height 40 cm treatment,and the water retention effect was better in the later stage of the treatment of ridge hight 20 cm treatment.(2)With the increase of the height of ridges,the plant height of tobacco gradually increased,the number of effective leaves decreased,the treatment of ridge height 40 cm promoted the early growth of tobacco plant,and the growth of the treatment of ridge hight 20 cm treatment was relatively slow during the whole growth period.(3)The treatment of ridge hight 40 cm treatment had strong root growth,large root volume,rich dry matter accumulation and high root activity.(4)The upper leaves of the treatments with ridge hight 40 cm had the best coordination,which could effectively adjust the higher disaccharide content to be suitable,and could effectively increase the ratio of sugar to alkali and nitrogen to alkali in the middle and lower leaves.The treatment of ridge height 20 cm could effectively increase potassium content and decrease chlorine content in tobacco leaves after baking.(5)The output value of the treatment of ridge height 40 cm was the highest,which could effectively increase the proportion of flue-cured tobacco.The yield of the treatment of ridge hight30 cm treatment was higher.It was concluded that the treatment of ridge hight 40 cm was better in all aspects and was suitable to be popularized in Ruyang tobacco area.It was suggested that attention should be paid to the application of potassium fertilizer in the cultivation process in this area. |
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