| At present,the biggest pressure of pig industry in China is from environmental protection.The key to achieve the sustainable development of the pig industry and solve the pollution problem is the raising model.The whole pig industry in China is thinking about how to establish a health,ecological sustainability,suitable raising model.This article takes the Tibetan Pig in the Yunnan Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an example,and study the Tibetan pig raising model in the Yunnan plateau area.And on this basis we carried out fully investigation at the pig farm in Yunnan Anyou farm,and made a raising practice of Tibetan pigs raising model,to explore suitable raising model of Tibetan pigs in Yunnan plateau,under the premise of following the living habits of Tibetan pigs.The results showed that:(1)The scale of the traditional Tibetan Pigs raising model in the plateau(Yunnan)region is small.The farmers have no complete raising system,they mainly graze the pigs with local cattle and sheep at natural grassland.Due to the poor quality of grass,the production performance of Tibetan pigs is poor,and cannot meet the needs of consumers for premium Tibetan pork.The traditional Tibetan pigs raising model should be properly improved to increase the quality of the pork and the slaughter efficiency in the plateau(Yunnan)area.(2)“raising pigs in forest” and “planting grass + raising pigs in forest” models are on the one hand following the biological and behavioral characteristics of Tibetan pigs;and on the other hand,due to the low requirements for the facilities and the lower cost of these raising models,it has important reference value for the establishment of Tibetan pig raising models,for the pork branding,and for improving its comprehensive economic benefits.However,reasonable and scientific planning is needed to protect the understory ecosystem,we need to prepare complete supporting facilities to solve the forage grass problem of Tibetan pigs in the forest,so as to really achieve the aim of “combination of planting,raising and ecological cycle”.(3)Yunnan Anyou farm made a good use of the “planting grass + raising pigs in forest” model.After used this model,the Tibetan pig's production performance and production efficiency is better than before.Under this model,the cost of Tibetan pig is about 1,258 yuan per head.The sows can have 8 piglets in average per once and will have 2 parturitions per year.The normal slaughter time is 11 months and the slaughter weight can reach to 50-60 kg,the mortality rate is low as well(the piglets are 2%,fattening pigs are 1%).At the same time,due to the centralized and harmless treatment and recycling of wastes,this model has played a good role in the development of Tibetan pigs production in the plateau(Yunnan)area,maintaining ecological balance and sustainable development of Tibetan pig breeding. |
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