Preliminary Studies On The Biology And Sex Pheromone Of Eutectona Machaeralis Walker

Teak skeletonizer,Eutectona machaeralis(Walker)(Lepidoptera : Crambidae),is the most damaging pest of teak trees in plantations and natural forests.However,the biology of E.machaeralis is not well studied.We first observed the larval development,adult emergence,and adult mating behavior.Using gas chromatography(GC),gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS),gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection(GC-EAD),electroantennography(EAG)and the method of dynamic headspace absorption,solid-phase microextraction,field tests and so on,we studied the components and attractiveness of sex pheromone of E.machaeralis and host plant volatiles.Our goal was to find out the optimum ratio of sex pheromone and botanical volatiles for attracting E.machaeralis.Adult emergence only occurred during scotophase.Females emerged earlier than males.Females exhibited sexual calling behavior from 1 d after emergence.The peak of female calling behavior occurred 2 d after adult emergence and at 7 h into the scotophase.Pheromone release peaked at 8 h into scotophase.Two to three-day-old females elicited strongest male antennae response.The mating duration was 45~105 min.The sex pheromone component of E.machaeralis were E11-14:AC(A),Z8-12:OH(B),Z11-14:AC(C)and Z8-12:AC(D).Field tests showed that A:B:C :D at 5:3:1:1 and 3:3:2:2 ratios had significant attractive effect.A total of 17 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)of Teak,Tectona grandis L.f.(Lamiales: Lamiaceae)were identified.Four of them caused electrophysiological response of female moths: 1R-(+)-alpha-Pinene,beta-Pinene,decanal and 1,2-Cyclopentanediol.From the field test,It was found that 3 types of monomer and the attractant with a mixing ratio of abcd(40:2:2:1)had attractive effects to some extent.But the effect is not good,we need to do further experiments to verify.