Analysis Of Agronomic Characters And Genetic Diversity Of SSR Markers In Quinoa Germplasm Resources

Quinoa is a dicotyledonous herbaceous plant of the family Acipenser,which is characterized by low temperature resistance,drought resistance,and salt and alkali resistance.Crop germplasm resources are the basis of breeding work.It is of great significance to evaluate the diversity of quinoa germplasm resources for the collection,management,and utilization of quinoa germplasm resources and for the development of quinoa kernel germplasm.This study will focus on quinoa germplasm resources.Genetic diversity analysis of agronomic traits and SSR molecular markers,the main results are as follows:(1)The results of the diversity of 10 agronomic traits of 50 quinoa materials showed that the differences in agronomic traits among different varieties of quinoa were relatively large,and the greatest coefficient of variation was yield.Cluster analysis of agronomic traits classified 50 quinoa germplasms into 4 categories.The analysis of the main components of quantitative traits of quinoa material showed that the ear weight,ear weight,grain weight and grain diameter were the main factors in the variation of agronomic traits of quinoa germplasm.(2)Screening out 12 pairs of SSR primers for polymorphism amplification of 24 quinoa germplasm genomes,a total of 193 allele sites were detected,averaging 15.8 alleles per pair of primers The average genetic diversity(H)of Nei's(1973)for the 12 pairs of SSR primers was 0.3091.Shannon's information averaged 0.4840.It shows that the SSR polymorphism of the test materials is rich.Cluster analysis can be divided into 5 categories of test materials,and the average genetic distance(GS)of the test materials is 0.3640.(3)The comparison between the agronomic traits of quinoa and the diversity of SSR markers showed that the genetic distances of quinoa cultivars with similar agronomic traits were not necessarily close,and the genetic distances of materials with close genetic distance to SSR markers were very different.Germplasm resources cannot rely on agronomic traits to determine genetic relationships.