| The leaves of loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine material,which is mainly for treating respiratory diseases,cough and anti-nausea.Syrup and jellies of loquat are commonly shown as definite therapeutic effect and have a broad prospect to the plant extract industry.In recent decades,the study of main medicinal components in loquat leaf have covered the other species of loquat(Eriobotrya),but research about majority species and leaves in different maturity and harvest time is rare.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive study of the content of triterpenes of the Eriobotrya plant,for more effective utilization of wild loquat leaf resources and exploration their medicinal value.20 kinds/variant of Chinese loquat,5 kinds of southeast Asia loquat,2 cultivars and 7 wild ×cultivar hybrid offspring were used as sample materials.The HPLC were performed to analyze the main triterpenoid acid content of Eriobotrya plant leaves such as Ursolic Acid(UA),Oleanolic acid(OA),Maslinic acid(MA)and Corosolic acid(CA),in different time-space developmental state,to find out the wild loquat species which triterpenoid acid content is higher than that of loquat cultivar and is suitable for medical development and utilization.The chromatogram was matched,similarity analysis and clustering analysis were also carried out.At the same time,the total triterpene and total terpenoids were measured with a colorimetric method.The results was as follows:(1)Triterpenoid acid content in the Eriobotrya plant leaves differs as the seasons change.UA raises to its highest content level in January,which the highest species is E.deflexa Nakai with 20.96 mg/gDW of UA.And OA raises to its highest content level in October which the highest species is E.deflexa Nakai with 4.63 mg/gDW of OA.(2)The high content species were selected mainly based on the total content of Ursolic acid and oleanolic acid.Two levels of species were determined.One is for whose which content is 30% more than E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong',including: E.deflexa Nakai,E.prinoides var.daduheensis H.Z,E.fragrans Champ,E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong' ×E.japonica cultivar'dahongpao',E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong'× E.prinoides,E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong' ×E.deflexa forma koshunensis,E.japonica cultivar'dahongpao'× E.deflexa forma buisanensis and E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong'× E.deflexa.The second level which the content is 20% more than E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong',includes: E.bengalensis forma contracta,E.deflexa forma buisanensis Nakai,E.prinoides var.laotica Vidal,E.deflexa f.koshunensis Nakai,E.japonica cultivar'zaozhong No.6' and E.japonica cultivar'dahongpao'× E.deflexa forma buisanensis Nakai.(3)According to the provisions of the Chinese national pharmacopoeia about loquat leaf quality standard,all mature samples met requirements in the pharmacopoeia except young leaves of E.elliptica var petelottii and old leaves of E.poilanei and can be used as a qualified Chinese medicinal materials.E.deflexa is high content species,with 3 times over pharmacopoeia standard in mature leaves and more than four times over pharmacopoeia standard in old leaves.For the total content which is between 2-3 times of pharmacopoeia standard,there are 17 species in young leaves samples,16 species in mature leaves samples and 19 species in old leaves samples.(4)For'jiefangzhong' as the female parent,ursolic acid content of the hybrids offspring were all higher than the parents,whereas the CA content are all lower than the parents.The transitive relation of triterpenoid acid content between the generation is worth for further study.(5)When'jiefangzhong' was set as reference,there were 12 samples in wild loquat with similarity above 0.9,hybridized combination of E.japonica cultivar'jiefangzhong' ×E.japonica cultivar'dahongpao' with similarity above 0.9 and other hybrid combinations had the similarity above 0.8,which suggested that these species has similar efficacy potential as E.japonica... |
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