| Chaenomeles Lindl. belongs to the Rosaceae Maloideae in plant taxonomy, is a perennial deciduous shrub or small tree. Chaenomeles is widely used, not only can be used as medicine, can also be used as eat fruit resources, which can be used as a highly ornamental value, or one of the tree species have health value. China is one of the main producing areas of the Chaenomeles in the world, is rich in resources and production. In recent years, Chaenomeles has become the raw material of many emerging industries. Chaenomeles as raw material to develop a large number of new products, such as leisure food, nutrition and health care products and cosmetics etc.. Further development and utilization of Chaenomeles, the rich people’s material life at the same time, has become a new way of employment and income of the people of Qijiang to create wealth. In this paper,20 kinds of Chaenomeles in the germplasm in Triangle town of Qijiang District of Chongqing City were studied by morphological analysis and identification, to determine the species name. The content of the oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in 14 varieties were determined and the 20 varieties’ethanol extract of HPLC fingerprint was set up. Through the experimental study in this dissertation, determine the cultivars and species of the Chaenomeles, solved the phenomenon of Chaenomeles varieties confusion in the germplasm, which provides a theoretical basis for the further optimization of the germplasm resources of the Chaenomeles germplasm, and give some data support for the development and utilization of Chaenomeles products.In this paper, these 20 kinds’ varieties and species were identified based on morphological. Selecting 17kinds of morphological characteristics as the study objects, we recorded and analysised the 20 kinds of Chaenomeles. Through access to literature, established standard samples of Chaenomeles directory, and determine the name and type of 20 kinds of samples, they were C. ×superba’Zaochun’, Chaenomeles Sinensis ’Xipishenghua’, Chaenomeles cathayensis ’Honghuo’, Chaenomeles cathayensis ’YipinXiang’, Chaenomeles cathayensis ’Changjun’, Chaenomeles speciosa’Yihong’, Chaenomeles cathayensis ’Daliyihao’, Chaenomeles speciosa’Ziqiumugua’, Chaenomeles speciosa ’Qijiangumugua’, Chaenomeles speciosa’Moerloosei’, Chaenomeles speciosa ’Hongyun’, Chaenomeles cathayensis’Yufo’, Chaenomeles cathayensis’Hongxia’, Chaenomeles speciosa ’Jinxiu’, Chaenomeles speciosa ’Jinxiang’, Chaenomeles cathayensis’Shuhong’, C. ×superba ’Hongwu’, Chaenomeles japonica’Danbai’, Chaenomeles speciosa ’Zhuhong’, Chaenomeles cathayensis ’Baixue’.In this thesis,14 varieties were used as experimental material, to optimize the conditions for determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in Chaenomeles fruits by HPLC chromatography and the content of the oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in 14 varieties were determined. The results show that the determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid HPLC chromatographic conditions:column:Waters SunFire C18 column (4.6mm*150mm,5 u m); mobile phase:methanol -0.1% phosphoric acid (80:20, V/V); detection wavelength:210nm; flow rate:1mL/min; injection volume:20 L; column temperature:30 degrees. Through the above chromatographic conditions, measured the content of mature fruit of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in different origin of Chaenomeles in Qijiang District of Chongqing City, of which Chaenomeles speciosa ’Jinxiang’from Shandong (S15) of oleanolic acid content of up to 0.311%, the Chaenomeles japonica ’Danbai’ from Jiangsu(S18) of ursolic acid content of up to 0.483%; the extraction common peaks and the calculation of the chromatogram similarity of HPLC fingerprint of ethanol extracts of 14 species of the germplasm in Triangle town of Qijiang District of Chongqing City is established.
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