Characteristics Of Nutrient Resources And Application Of Fertilizer In Main Production Area Of Hebei Apple Regulatory Technology

In order to ascertain the characteristics of nutrient resources in the main apple producing areas in Hebei Province,corresponding fertilizer control techniques were proposed.The research data and collected samples from 118 representative apple orchards in 13 regions of the Taihang Mountains and Yanshan Mountains in Hebei Province were analyzed.Fertilizer inputs from apple production in the main produ cing areas of Hebei Province,nutrient characteristics of the apple market,soil fertil ity status,and fertilizer control Technical effects are evaluated and the results show that:?1?There are many types of organic fertilizer applied in apple orchards in He bei Province,including chicken manure,cow dung,sheep manure,pig manure,and commodity organic fertilizer.The organic fertilizer in the Taihang Mountain product ion area had the highest proportion of chicken manure,34.8%,followed by cow d ung and sheep manure,accounting for 24.2%,and other types of organic fertilizer accounted for relatively low;Yanshan Apple Orchard had the highest sheep dung,f ollowed by pigs.Feces and cow dung,accounting for 46.2%,26.9%,and 15.4%,r espectively.The inorganic fertilizer input of apple orchards in Hebei Province is do minated by compound fertilizers.The main nitrogen fertilizer is urea and ammoniu m bicarbonate,and the proportion of compound fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer acc ounts for 31%of the orchard.Phosphate fertilizer is mainly based on superphospha te,and compound fertilizer+phosphorus fertilizer application rate accounts for 15%of the orchard;potassium fertilizer is mainly composed of potassium sulfate,and c ompound fertilizer+phosphorus fertilizer application rate accounts for 9%of the orc hard.?2?The average inputs of organic N,P₂O₅ and K₂O in main production areas of Hebei are 463.95,187.95 and 274.2 kg/hectare respectively.The average input o f organic pure N,P₂O₅ and K₂O in the apple orchard of Taihang Mountain was 614.1,239.25 and 361.8kg/hectare respectively,and 184.8,92.7 and 111.3 kg/hectare respectively in Yanshan area,which was only 30.09%,38.73%and 30.78%in Tai hang Mountain producing area,which was obviously lower than that of organic ma nure in Taihang Mountain production area.?3?The average N,P₂O₅ and K₂O inputs for chemical fertilizers were 890.25,498.15,660.45 kg/hectare respectively.Taihang Mountain production area is 828.15,429,534.75 kg/hectare;Yanshan production area is 1005.45,621,765.45 kg/hect are,which is equivalent to 1.21 times,1.44 times,and 1.43 times of Taihang Mou ntain production area.Yanshan production area orchard fertilizer input is higher tha n Taihang Mountain production area.According to the analysis of yield difference,the contribution rates of N,P₂O₅ and K₂O nutrient input to apple production in or chards were 18%,20%,and 29%;?4?Apple's nutrient allocation ratio showed a diversified development trend,m ainly consisting of 15-15-15 compound fertilizers,accounting for 47%.Followed by17-17-17 and 17-6-21 ratio compound fertilizer,accounting for 7%.Distributors'p ropaganda is the main factor affecting the choice of fertilizers by fruit growers,ac counting for 61%,26%relying on the fruit planting experience,and only 2%of t he recommendations for following high-yield users.?5?The content of soil organic matter in the main producing areas was in a r elatively good level,and the input of organic matter was relatively reasonable.83.21%of the apple orchard had an organic matter content of more than 15 g/kg?app ropriate amount?;53.84%of the orchard soil contained more than 60 mg/kg of alk aline dissolved nitrogen.The average content of deep soil layer is only 15.66 mg/k g,and the content is extremely low;76.3%of the available phosphorus content in orchard soil surface exceeds 20mg/kg?appropriate amount?,and the available phos phorus content is high;75.82%of the effective potassium content in surface soil o f orchard exceeds 150 mg/kg?appropriate amount?,effective potassium content;ef fective iron,manganese,copper,zinc content in 0-20cm soil layer were 33.99,16.56,0.84,1.2 mg/kg,respectively,40-60 cm soil layer was 19.96,12.58,0.48,0.4mg/kg;all decreased with the increase of soil depth.?6?The nutrient management output of the reduction control was 78750 kg/H ectare,which was 7.1%higher than that of the conventional fertilization.It shows that under the premise of reducing fertilizer input,reduction and control technology can achieve stable or increased production of apples.Under the traditional water a nd fertilizer management measures,the apple yield?23760 kg/Hectare?was lower than the management measures?27720 kg/Hectare?of the inoculation agent,indica ting that the addition of the inoculant can effectively improve the soil fertility and increase the apple yield.To sum up,Taihang Mountain production area mainly to chicken manure,Yans han production area to sheep dung.The input of organic fertilizer in Taihang Mou ntain area was lower than that in Yanshan area,and the input of chemical fertilizer in Yanshan region was higher than that in Taihang Mountain area.The nutrient rati o of apple fertilizer in agricultural market was 15-15-15 compound fertilizer,and t he influencing factors were dealer propaganda.The content of organic matter in soi l of the two major producing areas was better,the content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in surface soil was higher,and the content of trace elements was higher.Rational fertilization regulation can increase yield and improve quality.