Selection Of Potato Varieties Suitable For Cultivation And The Study On Cultivation Pattern In Hangzhou

Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)is a kind of food and vegetable,nutritious and one of the world's four major food crops.China is a big potato producer with the largest area and output in the world.There are many fields in Hangzhou in winter,and the potato planting efficiency is good.Potato is also the fifth largest upland crop after wheat,soybean,sweet potato and maize in Hangzhou.Based on the investigation and analysis of the characteristics and problems of the potato industry in Hangzhou,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for the development of potato industry in Hangzhou,and research on varieties screening,ridge surface mulches cultivation and cultivation patterns.The main results were as follows:1.Compared four introduced purple potato varieties and seven introduced potato varieties,we selected one purple potato variety and one potato variety.The results showed that,the purple potato 'NFJ5' had 11.8 tubers per plant,its average single potato weight was up to 28.7g,and the yield could reach 1213.6kg/mu;the potato 'Xingjia No.2' had 7.8 tubers per plant,its average single potato weight was up to 78.3g,the yield could reach 2415.5kg/mu,and the commodity tuber rate was up to 80.47%,which were all better than 'Zhongshu No.3'(CK)significantly.The two varieties were worthy of demonstration and popularization.2.The results of plastic mulching on ridge surface showed that the growth period of spring potato treated with the covering was 1 or 2 days shorter compared to that of open-field cultivation.The mulches on ridge surface had no significant effects on the number of tubers per plant but had significant improvements on the average potato weight and yield.Moreover,the black plastic film covering effect was significantly better than that of the white plastic film.The average potato weight and yield of potato by covering rice straw on ridge surface were not significantly different with CK(without any mulches).3.According to the production reality of spring potato in Hangzhou,we demonstrated and concluded the open-field 'potato-rice' rotation pattern and the 'potato-Lagenaria siceraria(Molina)Standl.' in vinyl-house cultivation pattern.The 'potato-rice' rotation pattern showed that the average yield of potato was up to 1500kg,rice yield was up to 350kg(net weight),and the total net profit could reach 5000yuan/mu per year.The'potato-Lagenaria siceraria(Molina)Standl." in vinyl-house cultivation pattern showed that the potato yield could reach 1332kg/mu,the yield per mu of Lagenaria siceraria(Molina)Standl.is 4313kg,and the total net profit can reach 6573 yuan/mu.