Study On Nutrient Accumulation Characteristics Of Peanut(Arachis Hypogaea L.) Varities With Different Oil Content

As one of the four oil crops,peanut is mainly used for oil extraction,so the value of peanut is directly determined by the oil production.It is one of the important goals of peanut breeding to improve the fat content of peanut kernels,and it is the basis of studying its physiological and biochemical mechanism to elucidate of the characteristics of fat accumulation.In this research,we select high oil variety NongdaD666 and its parents Fenghua2 and Krapt.st.16,as well as high-oil variety Q6K16-02 and low-oil variety Huayu17 for materials,study three big nutrients accumulation characteristics of kernel fat,protein and soluble sugar in the process of growth and development,analysis the kernel critical period of fat accumulation,and discuss the correlation among kernel fat content,kernel protein and soluble sugar accumulation.The main research results are as follows:1.Variation characteristics of fat accumulation of peanut kernels in different development stagesThe variation trend of kernel fat content of peanut varieties with different oil content was basically the same.In the period of R2~R3,the rate of fat accumulation was slower and the amount of fat accumulation was less.From R3 to R6,fat synthesis enters a period of rapid growth,with the fastest fat accumulation rate and the highest fat content.At this stage of development,the fat content of Q6K16-02 has the most significant difference compared with the other three common oil-containing materials.During R7~R8,the fat accumulation rate was significantly reduced,and the fat contents of Fenghua2,Krapt.st.16 and Huayu17 were basically stable.The fat content of NongdaD666 and Q6K16-02 increased slightly in R8~R9period.2.Variation characteristics of fat accumulation of NongdaD666 and its parentsDuring the R2~R6 period,the fat accumulation trend of NongdaD666 was consistent with that of both parents,but the fat content of its offspring was lower than that of the two parents.After R6 period,the fat content of kernel of NongdaD666 began to be higher than that of the two parents,and the fat accumulation rate was significantly higher than that of the two parents.During the period of R8~R9,the fat accumulation of the two parents Fenghua2 and Krapt.st.16 stopped,and their contents were stable and did not change.However,the fat content of NongdaD666 still increased slightly.Therefore,in the later stage of kernel development,the fat accumulation rate of NongdaD666 with high oil content increased faster than that of its parents,and the fat accumulation time was longer.3.Correlation between accumulation and changes of three nutrients in kernelThe correlation analysis showed that during the whole growth and development of peanut kernel,there was a significant negative correlation between soluble sugar and protein content,and a significant negative correlation between fat and soluble sugar content.The content of fat and protein in the same cultivar kernel increased synergistically.In the process of fat biosynthesis,the required carbon chain skeleton is mainly from the glycolytic pathway,so the change of soluble sugar content in fructus kernel during the development of fructus kernel is of great significance for fat synthesis and accumulation.The conclusion of this study is that the change of soluble sugar is negatively correlated with the change of fat and protein during the whole growth and development process of kernel,and the change of fat and protein content of the same variety of kernel is synergistically increased.During the development of fructus kernel,R3~R6 was the key stage of peanut fructus kernel fat accumulation.The main reason why the fat content of NongdaD666 was higher than that of its parents was probably that the fat accumulation rate of NongdaD666 was higher than that of its parents in the later stage of kernel development and the accumulation time was longer than that of its parents.The results of this study provide support for the analysis of the physiological mechanism of fat accumulation of peanut kernels,and lay animportant theoretical foundation for the cultivation of high-oil peanut varieties and the improvement of peanut quality.