| At present,our country is in the historical period of the strategic development of economic transformation.The problem of agricultural and rural and peasants has become the focus of society.The contradiction of cultivated land is the core issue.Its quantity and quality play an irreplaceable role in the development of the country and the people’s lives.However,the phenomenon of abandoning cultivated land has occurred in a large number.The natural conditions and social conditions of the mountainous areas are relatively poor,The natural conditions and social conditions of the mountainous areas are relatively poor,and the unreasonable use of land by farmers,lack of agricultural funds,and low enthusiasm have led to the worsening situation of abandonment.In order to realize the rational utilization and arrangement of abandoned farmland in villages with different characteristics in mountainous areas,and the management of small-scale abandoned farmland,the landscape pattern characteristics of abandoned farmland were quantitatively analyzed from the perspective of village level and farmers.Heshun County of Shanxi Province is located in the hinterland of Taihang Mountains,with uneven terrain,complex landform,in addition,the rain is scarce,the soil is barren,the transportation facilities are backward,the information is blocked,and the development is slow.It is a state-supported poverty-stricken county.Its regional characteristics are representative for the study of landscape pattern characteristics of abandoned farmland in mountainous areas.In this study,four villages with different characteristics in the northwest of Yixing Town in Heshun County were selected as the study area.Based on the high-resolution images,plot vector data,ownership data and DEM data of the rural land contractual management rights in 2016,the landscape area and landscape of abandoned arable land from rural and household perspectives were analyzed by using Arc GIS 10.1,Fragstats 4.2.1 and and various landscape pattern indices,to analyze the landscape area,landscape shape,landscape distribution characteristics and landscape pattern characteristics of different cultivated conditions under the perspective of village level andfarmers.To provide specific suggestions for the transfer of abandoned farmland,sustainable use,large-scale agricultural operations and the development of rural economy in villages with different characteristics.It has important practical significance for solving this problem.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The average proportion of landscape area of abandoned farmland in the study area is35.19%,and the situation of abandoned farmland is serious.The total abandoned farmland area is small and the fragmentation is serious,but the shape is simple and regular,the distribution is tight,and it is easy to cultivate without the restriction of ownership boundary,and it is easy to develop and reuse.The proportion of abandoned farmland in Chengbian Village is 19.02%,the fragmentation degree is the highest,the shape is complex and the distribution is discrete;the proportion of abandoned farmland in industrial and mineral villages is 34.93%,the patches are broken,the shape is more regular and densely distributed;the proportion of pure agricultural industrial villages is 53.89%,the degree of fragmentation of patches is the lowest,the shape is regular and the distribution is dense;the proportion of the remote villages is 32.92%,the patch fragmentation is high,the shape is complex and the distribution is discrete.(2)The comparative analysis of different levels of abandoned farmland in different villages shows consistent landscape features,but compared with the patch level,the patches of the type-level abandoned farmland area are larger,less fragmented,and the shape of the patch is more complex,the degree of aggregation is greater,compared with the overall cultivated land landscape and cultivated landscape,the abandoned landscape has a large degree of fragmentation,and the shape of the patch is complex and discrete.From the perspective of farmers and villages,it is concluded that the overall landscape of farmers is more fragmented than the village level,the shape of the patches is complex,and the spatial distribution is tight.(3)The different locations and topographical conditions of different characteristics of villages are different,mainly in the degree of abandonment and the degree of aggregation.Moreover,in the study area,large-scale slopes with low slopes and low elevations have occurred,and there are also abandoned areas in areas close to residential areas and roads.In the areas with slopes of 0-8abandoned farmland between urban villages and remote villages and within 100 meters from roads,the pure agricultural industrial village has the smallest change in the abandoned farmlandindex under the different location and topographic conditions,while the highest one is abandoned farmland aggregation. |
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