| Rice is one of Chinese important food crops and is widely grown in China.Since the dry nursery and sparsely planting technology has been widely promoted in Heilongjiang Province,the rice production has increased significantly.The chemical seedling strengthen agent used in the dry nursery process is compounded by regulating acid agent,fungicide and chemical fertilizer.Chemical regulating acid agent and fungicide not only have certain risks in the production and processing of seedling strengthen agent,but also cause serious pollution to the environment in application.Therefore,the use of biological immunity to reduce the application of chemical pesticides has an important practical effect on solving the above problems.In this paper,liquid culture method was used to determine the ability of several beneficial microorganisms to dissolve phosphorus and dissolve potassium,and several beneficial microorganisms and nutrients were compounded and used in rice field nursery.The effects of biological fertilizer on the anti-reverse enzyme activities,soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activities and seedling quality and immune control of rice seedlings were studied.The specific research results are as follows:(1)Immune microbial fertilizer can coordinate soil physical and chemical properties and improve seedling anti-reverse enzyme activities1)Bacillus subtilis,Trichoderma harziauum and Penicillium have different ability of decomposing in phosphate and silicate,The maximum amount of phosphate dissolving by Penicillium was 377 ?g/m L,and that of Trichoderma harzianum was 166.10 ?g/m L.The ability to dissolve phosphorus of Bacillus subtilis increased with time,but was lower than that of Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium.The ability to dissolve phosphorus is as follows:Penicillium > Trichoderma harziauum > Bacillus subtilis.The potassium-dissolving ability of the test strain was as follows: Bacillus subtilis > Trichoderma harziauum = Penicillium.On the10 th day,the potassium-dissolving amounts of Bacillus subtilis,Trichoderma harziauum and Penicillium were 58.43 ?g/L,39.20 ?g/L and 38.06 ?g/L,respectively.2)After application of Immune microbial fertilizer,the activity of soil urease,cellulase,phosphatase and catalase was increased,and the contents of alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in rice seedbed were also improved.The soil nutrient content in rice seedling stage was sufficient.The soil p H of the seedbed is kept at about 5.5,which provides a good soil acid environment for rice seedlings and plays an important role in the robust growth of rice seedlings.3)Immune microbial fertilizer can significantly increase the activity of SOD,POD and Pro in rice seedlings and reduce the content of MDA.Among them,the best combination is Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma harziauum + Penicillium.(2)Immune microbial fertilizer can improve the quality of rice seedlings1)After application of Immune microbial fertilizer,the width of stem base,fresh weigh of aerial part and root,dry weight of shoot and root,chlorophyll content of rice seedlings were significantly increased,and the best effect was obtained by Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma harziauum + Penicillium..2)After application of Immune microbial fertilizer,the nutrient uptake was as follows:Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma + Penicillium > Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma > Bacillus subtilis> Trichoderma harziauum > Penicillium = CK;the phosphorus uptake was as follows: Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma + Penicillium = Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma > Trichoderma harziauum> Penicillium > Bacillus subtilis = CK;the potassium uptake was as follows: Bacillus subtilis +Trichoderma + Penicillium > Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma > Trichoderma harziauum > Bacillus subtilis = CK > Penicillium.(3)After the application of immune microbial fertilizer,the incidence of rice seedling blight was significantly reduced,and the incidence of blight was the lowest after Bacillus subtilis +Trichoderma + Penicillium compound application. |
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