Study On The Structure And Diversity Of Insect Community From Northeastren And Southern Peanut Production Area

Northeastern and southern region is the important peanut production areas,which is located in the most northern and southern of China's peanut production areas,and the two regions are damaged seriously by peanut pest.This study based on the two regions,conducted surveys and studies and compares on the structure and diversity of the insect community in northeastern and southern peanut production areas by malaise trapping.The result may lay the foundation for understanding of China's peanut production area of insect community structure and diversity,to further grasp the dynamics of the main pests,analyzing their occurrence reasons and developing the corresponding pest control strategies.In this paper,the insect community structure was investigated during May 2014 to June 2015 in northeastern peanut production areas(Siping,Jilin Province;Fuxin,Liaoning Province;Jinzhou,Liaoning Province;Xingcheng,Liaoning Province)and during August 2014 to May 2014 in southern peanut production areas(Quanzhou,Fujian Province;Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province;Danzhou,Hainan Province),and use the methods of community ecology,we analyzed the structure,diversity and dynamic of the insect community of two peanut production area,the main results were as follows:1.The structure of insect community in northeastern peanut production areaA total 110,032 of insect specimens were trapped belonging to 14 orders and 149 families from four peanut fields of northeastern region during May 2014 to June 2015.In among,Coccinellidaeand Chrysomelidae were dominant groups in Coleoptera,they were accounted for 83.41%of the total number of Coleoptera;Aphids and Cicadellidae were dominant groups in Hemiptera,they were accounted for 72.28%of the total number of Hemiptera;Agromyzidae,Chironomidae,Phoridae,Anthomyiidae,Lauxaniidae were dominant groups in Diptera;Plutellidae,Tortricidae,Pyralidae were dominant groups in Lepidoptera,they were accounted for 63.31%of the total number of Lepidoptera;Ichneumonidae,Braconidae,Halictidae were dominant groups in Hymenoptera,they were accounted for 47.63%of the total number of Hymenoptera;Thripidae was dominant groups in Thysanoptera,Thripidae was accounted for 83.21%of the total number of Thysanoptera.2.Comparison of insect community characteristics in northeastern peanut production areaRichness index of insect communities of northeastern peanut production area was in decrease order as follows:Siping>Jinzhou>Xingcheng>Fuxin;the sequence of dominant concentration was:Xingcheng>Siping>Jinzhou>Fuxin;both sequence of diversity index and evenness index were:Fuxin>Jinzhou>Siping>Xingcheng.3.Dynamic analysis of main families of insect communities in northeastern peanut production areaThe dominant groups in northeastern peanut production area are Coccinellidae,Chrysomelidae,Aphids,Cicadellidae,Plutellidae,Pyralidae,Ichneumonidae and Braconidae.Propylaea japonica and Leis axyridis were dominant groups in Coccinellidae,the number of Coccinellidae reached the maximum in the middle of August;Aphis medicaginis Koch and Sitobion avenae were dominant groups in Aphids,the number of Aphids reached the maximum in the middle of July;Smaragdina nigrifrons and Monolepta hieroglyphica were dominant groups in Chrysomelidae,the number of Chrysomelidae reached the maximum in the middle of August;the number of Plutellidae reached the maximum in the Early June and mid-August;Cnaphalocrocis medinalis was dominant groups in Pyralidae,the number of Pyralidae reached the maximum in the middle of June;Ichneumonidae and Braconidae are parasitic insects,the number of them reached maximum in the Early August;Cicadella viridis and Jacobiasca formosana were dominant families groups in Cicadellidae,the number of Cicadellidae reached maximum in late August to early September.4.The structure of insect community in southern peanut production areaA total 304,184 of insect specimens were trapped belonging to 16 orders and 179 families from three peanut fields of southern region during Aug 2014 to May 2015.In among,Coccinellidae and Carabidae were dominant groups in Coleoptera,they were accounted for 47.8%of the total number of Coleoptera;Cicadellidae was dominant groups in Hemiptera,it was accounted for 90.97%of the total number of Hemiptera;Dolichopodidae and Agromyzidae were dominant groups in Diptera;Pyralidae and Noctuidae were dominant groups in Lepidoptera,they were accounted for 46.97%of the total number of Lepidoptera;Braconidae and Scelionidae were dominant groups in Hymenoptera,they were accounted for 52.43%of the total number of Hymenoptera;Thripidae was dominant groups in Thysanoptera.5.Comparison of insect community characteristics in southern peanut production areaRichness index of insect communities of southern peanut production area was in decrease order as follows:Zhanjiang>Quanzhou>Danzhou;the sequence of dominant concentration was:Zhanjiang<Danzhou<Quanzhou;both sequence of diversity index and evenness index were:Zhanjiang>Danzhou>Quanzhou.6.Dynamic analysis of main families of insect communities in southern peanut production areaThe dominant groups in southern peanut production area are Coccinellidae,Cicadellidae,Pyralidae,Noctuidae,Braconidae and Scelionidae.Propylaea japonica and Leis axyridis were dominant groups in Coccinellidae,the number of Coccinellidae reached the maximum in Aug to Oct 2014;Jacobiasca formosana and Empoasca vitis were dominant groups in Cicadellidae,the number of Cicadellidae reached the maximum in Oct 2014 and May 2015;Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua Hiibner were dominant groups in Pyralidae,the number of Pyralidae reached the maximum in the middle of Aug 2014 and the middle of Aug 2015;Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Tryporyza incertulas were dominant groups in Noctuidae,the number of Noctuidae reached the maximum in late August 2014 and the middle of Aug 2015;Braconidae and Scelionidae both mainly occur in Aug to Sep 2014and early April of second year,Meteorus pulchricornis was dominant groups in Braconidae.7.Comparison of insect community structure in northeastern and southern regionBy comparison,the composition of insect community in southern peanut production area was higher than that in northeastern peanut production area and the quantity and families were more than that in northeastern region,and the number of every head insects was higher than that of northeastern region.The dominant concentration in southern peanut production area was higher than that in northeastern region,indicating that the species distribution of insect community in southern peanut field was not uniform and dominant species was more prominent;The evenness index in southern peanut field was less than that in northeastern region,indicating that the species distribution of insect community in northeastern peanut field is relatively uniform.