| Background: Zearalenone(ZEN)is a mycotoxin-like mycotoxin that mainly damages the animal’s reproductive system,resulting in reduced performance of livestock and poultry,resulting in serious economic losses to the farming industry.Pediococcus pentosaceus is a quadrilateral spherical gram-positive(facultative anaerobic)bacterium,and is an edible species with probiotic effects.Objective: To screen probiotic strains with high ability to detoxify ZEN,and to study their probiotic characteristics and detoxification mechanism.Finally,the effects of ZEN poisoning prevention were verified by animal experiments.Methods:The probiotic strains of high-efficiency detoxification ZEN were screened by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and identified by physiological,biochemical and molecular biological methods to study the probiotic characteristics of the strain.Animal models were established in male Kunming mice,and the ZEN concentration was 40 mg/kg BW and 70 mg/kg BW,respectively;the intragastric concentration of Pediococcus pentosus was 109CFU/m L.After 28 days,the body weight,feed intake and reproductive organ index,semen quality,pathological section,TUNEL staining,testosterone content,antioxidant stress index,m RNA and protein expression were measured to determine the ZEN pentosaceus to ZEN.The protective effect of reproductive damage in mice.Results: High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to detect the probiotic strain XY46 with high-efficiency detoxification ZEN.The detoxification rate of live bacteria was 60.4%.The detoxification rate of ZEN under inactivation conditions was as high as 94.4%.The strain was identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus by identification of physiology,biochemistry and molecular biology.In terms of probiotic characteristics,Pediococcus pentosaceus can continue to proliferate at p H=3.5;when the concentration of bile salts is 0.1% and 0.2%,it will proliferate slowly;it has certain inhibitory ability against Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Streptococcus..The logarithmic growth phase of Pediococcus pentosaceus is 4~14h.In the 8th week old mice,the weights of ZEN40 and ZEN70 groups were significantly lower than those of the Control group(p<0.05);XY46+ZEN40 and ZEN40 groups,XY46+ZEN70 showed a significant increase in weight compared to the ZEN70 group(p<0.05).According to the test results of sperm concentration,deformity rate and percentage of exercise in mice,the sperm concentration decreased,the deformity rate and the percentage of exercise decreased(p<0.05)in the ZEN40 and ZEN70 groups compared with the Control group;theXY46+ZEN40 group and Compared with the ZEN70 group,these sperm motility parameters were effectively reversed in the ZEN40 group and the XY46+ZEN70 group(p<0.05).Mouse sperm are affected by ZEN and there are a lot of head and tail deformities.According to HE staining sections of mouse testis tissue,compared with the control group,ZEN40 and ZEN70 group had a large number of spermatogenic cells arranged loosely or even detached,which caused them to separate from the supporting cells,resulting in a marked thinning of spermatogenic epithelial thickness and the number of spermatogenesis.Drastically reduced.Compared with ZEN40 group and XY46+ZEN70 and ZEN70 group,XY46+ZEN40 significantly thickened the thickness of spermatogenic epithelium,and the connection of seminiferous tubules was tighter.The number of testis interstitial cells,spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa increased significantly.At the same time,the results of TUNEL showed that the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased in ZEN40 and ZEN70 groups compared with Control group.Compared with XY46+ZEN40 and XY46+ZEN70 groups,the number of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced.The results showed that Pediococcus pentosaceus significantly attenuated the pathological damage and apoptosis of testis in mice by ZEN.The test results of serum testosterone(T)in mice showed that the testosterone content of ZEN40 and ZEN70 was significantly lower than that of Control group(p<0.05);XY46+ZEN40 and ZEN40 group,XY46+ZEN70 and ZEN70 group played a significant role.Detoxification(p<0.05).Detection of catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in mouse testis showed that ZEN40 Compared with the Control group,ZEN70 significantly decreased CAT,T-SOD,and GSH-Px,while MDA content increased significantly.Compared with ZEN40 and XY46+ZEN70 and ZEN70,XY46+ZEN40 and ZEN70 significantly reduced P.pentosaceus.ZEN produces oxidative damage toxicity.Compared with the Control group,ZEN significantly increased the protein and m RNA expression of the proapoptotic genes Bax and Caspase12(P<0.05),and significantly down-regulated the protein and m RNA expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2..Compared with the ZEN70 group,XY46+ZEN70 effectively reduced the protein expression of Bax(P<0.05)and the protein and m RNA expression of Caspase12(P<0.05).The results showed that Pediococcus pentosaceus significantly attenuated the apoptosis induced by ZEN on testicular tissue cells.Compared with the Control group,ZEN significantly reduced the protein and m RNA expression levels of Vim,Cldn 11,and N-cad in the ZEN40 and ZEN70groups(P<0.05).Compared with ZEN70 group,XY46+ZEN70 effectively increased theprotein and m RNA expression of Cldn 11 and N-cad(P<0.05).The results showed that Pediococcus pentosaceans played a significant protective role in ZEN-induced mouse reproductive damage.Conclusion: High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to detect probiotic strain XY46 with high efficiency of detoxification of ZEN.The detoxification rate of live bacteria was 60.4%.Under the inactivation condition of heat treatment,the detoxification rate of ZEN was as high as 94.4%.Oral administration of Pediococcus pentosaceus XY46 can significantly alleviate the toxic effects of zearalenone on the reproductive system of mice. |
