Effects Of Combined Application Of Zinc And Selenium Fertilizer On Yield And Quality Of Phyllostachys Praecox Sprouting In Winter Under The Covering Measures

As a bamboo specie of fine scattered bamboo shoots produced in China,Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis is native to Lin'an,Anji and Yuhang in Zhejiang Province and have been now widely promoted in many southern provinces.Yucheng district is located on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin.In 2009,Ya'an first introduced Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis and developed the related production demonstration.In recent years,the exploration of mulching measures and its supporting common fertilization had been gradually improved,but the study about further improving the yield and quality of bamboo shoots through the application of micro-fertilizer is still lacking.Exogenous application of zinc can promote bud differentiation of Phyllostachys edulis and increase yield.Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis and Phyllostachys edulis are from the same genera and also are the fine scattered bamboo shoots.Whether it is possible to increase the production of Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis by using zinc fertilizer.In addition,Selenium-enriched foods are favored by people.The use of selenium-enriched fertilizer to strengthen selenium in plants has proven to be a safe,low-cost,efficient,and convenient means of enriching selenium.Previous studies have found that Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis has a certain ability to enrich selenium.Therefore,the selenium content in Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis can be increased by using selenium fertilizer,and then the brand of selenium-rich bamboo shoots can be created in Sichuan Province.For these reasons,six different concentrations of soil-applied zinc fertilizer and the same concentration of selenium-fertilizer were applied into the Phyllostachys praecoxf.Prevemalis by mulching in Caoba Town,Yucheng District,Ya'an City,Sichuan Province.In October 10,2016,selenium fertilizer was applied and after 15 days zinc fertilizer was applied.The numbers were Zn0,Zn1,Zn2,Zn3,Zn4,and Zn5.Zn0 was treated as single application selenium fertilizer?Na₂SeO₃2mg/ml×20ml/plant?.The Zn1-Zn5 treatment number was from low to high according to zinc fertilizer?ZnSO₄?concentration,which was 5,10,15,20,25kg/hm²respectively with zinc fertilizer and selenium fertilizer combination.In order to explore zinc and selenium fertilizer with combination under the mulching condition for the yield and quality of bamboo shoots and the responses of hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,available zinc and total selenium in soil.The results were as followed:?1?Phyllostachys praecoxf bamboo shoots have a certain ability of selenium enrichment,and the content of Se in bamboo shoots treated with Zn0 is significantly higher than that of Zn1-Zn5?p<0.05?.Selenium content in bamboo shoots gradually decreased with the increase of zinc fertilizer concentration,it shows that the application of zinc fertilizer will inhibit the absorption of selenium by bamboo shoots,and with the increase of zinc concentration,this inhibition effect will gradually weaken.The content of N in bamboo shoots was significantly higher than that of Zn1-Zn5 in Zn0 treatment?p<0.05?,indicating that selenium fertilizer was beneficial to the increase of N content in bamboo shoots.The Zn3 and Zn4 treatments were superior to Zn0 treatment and CK in enrichment of P content in bamboo shoots,indicating that the concentration of zinc fertilizer in the range of 15-20 kg/hm²is beneficial to the increase of P content in bamboo shoots.Zn2-Zn5 treatment significantly increased the Zn content in bamboo shoots?p<0.05?,indicating that zinc fertilizer concentration in the range of 10-25 kg/hm² is beneficial to the enrichment of zinc in bamboo shoots.?2?All fertilization treatments increased the yield of bamboo shoots,zinc and selenium combined application?Zn1-Zn5?was superior to single application of selenium fertilizer?Zn0?.Excessive concentrations of Zn fertilizers inhibited the yield of bamboo shoots.The Zn3 treatment with zinc fertilizer concentration of 15 kg/hm²was best when used in combination with selenium fertilizer,which was 45.78%higher than that of CK.The impact on the quality of bamboo shoots was that each fertilization treatment reduced the cellulose and soluble sugar content of bamboo shoots and increased the protein and fat content,indicating that the application of zinc and selenium increased the quality of bamboo shoots to a certain extent.?3?In the heavy metals in bamboo shoots,all fertilizer treatments reduced the lead content in bamboo shoots.Zn0 treatment increased the copper content in bamboo shoots,while Zn1-Zn5 treatment reduced the copper content in bamboo shoots.According to the national food safety standards,the content of heavy metals and pesticide residues did not exceed the standards.These show that the bamboo shoots under the fertilization treatment are safe and edible,and to a certain extent,the bamboo shoot quality is improved.?4?All treatments will significantly increase the content of hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,available zinc and soil total selenium in soil?p<0.05?.The effect on the hydrolyzable nitrogen content of zinc and selenium combined with treatment?Zn1-Zn5?was significantly higher with single application of selenium fertilizer?Zn0?treatment?p<0.05?.The effect of single application of selenium fertilizer?Zn0?on the content of available phosphorus was significantly higher than that of zinc and selenium combined application?Zn1-Zn5?treatment?p<0.05?.The effect of available potassium on the content of available potassium showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of zinc fertilizer concentration,and reached the highest in Zn2 treatment,and was significantly higher than that of single application of selenium in Zn0 treatment?p<0.05?.The effect of Zn3,Zn4,and Zn5 on the effective zinc content was significantly higher than that of other Zn1,Zn2,and Zn0 treatments.Soil total selenium showed no significant difference between fertilization treatments?p>0.05?.In summary,the content of each index reaches the highest during Zn2 treatment,indicating that Zn2 treatment can maximally activate available nutrients in soil and effectively maintain the balance of nutrients in Phyllostachys pubescens forest.In summary,the fertilization treatment set up in this experiment increased the yield and quality of Phyllostachys praecoxf bamboo shoots,but also significantly increased the available nutrient content in the soil,supplementing the consumption of soil nutrients during the massive bamboo shoot shootout process,and effectively maintained the mine.The balance of soil nutrients in bamboo forest land provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable management of nutrient supply by bamboo shoots.This study shows that Zn2?10kg/hm²?treatment has the greatest activation of soil available nutrients in Phyllostachys praecox forest soil.The highest yield of bamboo shoots was Zn3?15kg/hm²?treatment.The highest selenium content in bamboo shoots was Zn0?single application of selenium?treatment.