| Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng were the main species of Flos Lonicerae planted on a large scale in Guizhou province.In recent years,because of the price was low,the economic benefit was not good,the quality and yield were uneven,the varieties were mixed,and the enthusiasm of drug farmers was not high,resulting in the continuous reduction of planting area of Flos Lonicerae in Guizhou.Due to insufficient understanding of biological characteristics,chemical constituents and pharmacological effects,systematic research was insufficient of Flos Lonicerae.Blind expansion of planting areas leads to the decline of yields and quality of Flos Lonicerae and its inability to withstand market risks.Therefore,it is urgent to systematically study the biological characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,quality and yield of Flos Lonicerae.This experiment was conducted to reveal the biological characteristics,quality and yield of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng in different ecological regions of Guizhou.Firstly,DNA barcode identification of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng collected from all parts of Guizhou.Secondly,Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.planted in Suiyang,northern Guizhou,Anshun,central Guizhou,and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng planted inAnlong,southwestern Guizhou and Qingzhen,central Guizhou,were used as materials.The biological characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,quality and yield performance were systematically studied at each test site.Main results of this study were as follows:1.DNA barcode identification showed that the ITS2 common sequence lengths of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng was 404 bp and 395 bp,respectively,and the similarity was 99.49%.The psbA-trnH common sequence length was 409 bp and 410 bp,respectively,and the similarity was97.52%,the psbA-trnH consensus sequence of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu etS.C.Cheng was more than 2 bases at the 5 end,more than 5 bases at the 3 end,6bases less at the middle and 10 base sites are different from Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz..The psbA-trnH sequence could identify Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng,but ITS2 sequence could not accurately identify them.psbA-trnH sequence could be used as DNA barcode for identification of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng,and ITS2 sequence was recommended as an auxiliary sequence for identification of psbA-trnH sequence.2.The soil fertility of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng Anlong and Qingzhen test sites was fertile level,the soil integrate fertility coefficient were 2.34,2.20 respectively.The soil fertility of the Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.Anshun test site was fertile level,and Fuyang test site was general level,the soil integrate fertility coefficient were 2.34,2.20 respectively.Overall,Anlong test site soil fertility was higher than Qingzhen test site of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng,Anshun was higher than Suiyang test site of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz..The values of a number of meteorological elements were higher Anlong than Qingzhen experimental sites of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng,there was no significant difference between Suiyang and Anshun experimental sites of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz..3.The growth amount of vegetative branches in Suiyang ecological point was much higher than that in Anshun ecological point of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.,but there was no significant difference of flowering branches,the growth amount of vegetative branches in Anlong ecological point was higher than that in Qingzhen ecological point of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng,and there was no significant difference of flowering branches.The phenological period of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.can be divided into new shoot germination period,vegetative branch growth period,overwintering period,flower branch germination period,flower branch growth period,budding period and flowering period in Guizhou.The phenological period of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng can be divided into new shoot germination period,vegetative branch growth period,slow growth period,flower branch germination period,flower branch growth period,budding period and flowering period in Guizhou.The flower development stage of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.in Guizhou could be divided into seven stages:Mili stage,Sanqing stage,Qingbai stage,Erbai stage,Dabaistage,Yinhua stage,Jinhua stage,Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng could be divided into six stages:Mili stage,Qingse stage,Qingbai stage,Dabai stage,Yinhua stage,Jinhua stage.Diseases and insect pests of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.mainly included Micros phaera lonicerae(Wint.),Fusarium oxysporum and Semiaphis heraclei,which had obvious effects on plant growth and yield,suiyang ecological point was more serious than anshun ecological point,and there were no obvious diseases and insect pests in Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng.4.The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng were bimodal curves,and the transpiration rate was unimodal curve,and intercellular CO2 concentration in the morning and evening was higher than that in the noon and afternoon,and water use efficiency in the morning was higher than that in the afternoon.The photosynthetic capacity of Suiyang ecological point was higher than Anshun ecological point of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz..The Anlong ecological point of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng has strong ability to use weak light.The Qingzhen ecological point has the largest net photosynthetic rate and higher photosynthetic capacity.The photosynthesis of Anlong ecological point was limited by the maximum catalytic rate of carboxylation catalyzed by Rubisco,the maximum regeneration rate of RuBP controlled by electron transfer rate and the regeneration of RuBP controlled by the transport rate of triose phosphate.5.The flower bud development of Suiyang ecological point was better than Anshun ecological point of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.,and there was no significant difference between Anlong and Qingzhen two ecological points of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng.The quality of flower buds in Dabai stage was higher than Yinhua stage of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng.The quality of Suiyang ecological point was better than Anshun ecological point of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.and there was no significant difference between Anlong and Qingzhen two ecological point of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng.The yield was 334.13 kg per mu,4.22 kg per plant in Suiyang ecological point,212.72 kg per mu and 2.25 kg per plant in Anshun ecological point,Suiyang ecological point were higher than Anshun ecological point of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz..The yield was 244.37 kg per mu,2.12 kg per plant in Anlong ecological point,228.58 kg per mu and 2.02 kg per plant in Qingzhen ecological point,Anlong ecological point were higher than Qingzhenecological point of Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng.In conclusion,Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz.was better planted in ecological point of northern Guizhou than in central Guizhou,Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng has strong adaptability to the environment,and can adapt to the ecological point of southwestern Guizhou and central Guizhou. |
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