Introduction,Cultivation And Landscape Application Of Three Aromatic Plants Of Elsholtzia

Elsholfizia is the representative of Chinese herbal and edible plants of Labiatae,which has unique plant fragrance and beautiful spikes.Based on the investigation and comprehensive evaluation of the wild aromatic plants of Elsholtzia in the southern section of Gaoligong Mountains,the aromatic plants of Elsholtzia with ornamental value were screened.Through introduction and cultivation,volatile components analysis and stress resistance research,the reproductive techniques,key cultivation techniques and garden application value were discussed.The main contents and results were as follows:1.Investigation and screening of wild Elsholtzia aromatic plants.Based on field investigation,the quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of the ornamental characteristics and application value of Elsholtzia fragrant plants in the southern section of Gaoligong Mountains was carried out by analytic hierarchy process(AHP)from three aspects:ornamental characteristics,application value and development potential.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the four species with the highest comprehensive score were Elsholtzia kachinensis,Elsholtzia ciliata,Elsholtzia rugulosa and Elsholtzia blanda.2.Propagation and introduction cultivation.The results of reproduction experiments of three aromatic plants of Elsholtzia showedthat Elsholtzia ciliata and Elsholtzia blanda were suitable for sowing;Elsholtzia ciliata had the highest germination rate in base peat: perlite:vermiculite(1:1:2),Elsholtzia blanda had the highest germination rate in base peat: perlite: vermiculite(2:1:1).The Elsholtzia kachinensis is more suitable for cutting propagation,and the survival rate of Elsholtzia kachinensis is the highest in the ratio of coconut bran soil to peat soil(1:1).The optimum cultivation conditions of three species of Elsholtzia were studied by orthogonal experiment.The results showed that shading was the main factor affecting the growth of leaves of three species of Elsholtzia,and matrix was the main factor affecting the plant height of Elsholtzia ciliata and Elsholtzia kachinensis.The best cultivation condition of Elsholtzia ciliata is A3+B2+C2+D3,that is peat soil: pearlite:coconut bran soil(1:1:2),shading 75%,watering 50% of the saturated water content of the cultivation medium,and application of diamine phosphate.The optimum cultivation conditions of Elsholtzia kachinensis are A2+B2+C3+D1,i.e.coconut chaff soil: perlite: peat soil(1:2:1),shading 75%,watering 75% of the saturated water content of the cultivation medium,and no fertilization.The optimum cultivation conditions of Elsholtzia blanda were A2+B2+C1+D1,namely peat soil:pearlite: coconut chaff soil(1:2:1),shading 75%,watering 25% of saturated water content of cultivation medium,and no fertilization.3.Study on stress resistance.The stress resistance of three speciesof Elsholtzia was studied under water,high temperature and low temperature stress.The results showed that the order of drought resistance of three species of Elsholtzia was Elsholtzia ciliata>Elsholtzia kachinensis>Elsholtzia blanda;the results of heat resistance were Elsholtzia blanda>Elsholtzia kachinensis>Elsholtzia ciliata;and the results of cold resistance were: Elsholtzia kachinensis>Elsholtzia ciliata>Elsholtzia blanda.4.Analysis of volatile components.The volatile components of three species of Elsholtzia were extracted and analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).RESULTS: The main components of volatile substances of Elsholtzia ciliata were 1-octene-3-alcohol acetate(11.133%)and acetic acid-3-octanol ester(9.162%);the main components of volatile substances of Elsholtzia kachinensi were 5-(4-nitrophenoxymethyl)-furan-2-formaldehyde(15.326%);the main components of volatile substances of Elsholtzia blanda were(R)-alpha-pinene(15.665%)and beta-baselene(12.362%).5.Study on Landscape Application of Aromatic Plants of Elsholtzia L.The characteristics of three kinds of wild Elsholtzia flowers and the characteristics of Elsholtzia plant materials were analyzed,and the garden application of Elsholtzia aromatic plants was discussed.Elsholtzia spp.can be used as garden greening plants in different types of green space,such as residential area and courtyard,Park and scenic area green space,aromatic plant special garden,health care green space,sensory garden and so on.Owing to its special aroma and ornamental value,the fragrant plants of Elsholtzia are innovative and practicable in landscape application.It can be used for flower mirrors and flower belts,hedgerows and bedding,roads and slopes,potted ornamentation,special environmental greening,etc.