Effects Of Intercropping Pattern Of Maize And Adzuki Bean On Growth And Yield Of Adzuki Bean

Aiming to the low economic benefits of single bean cultivar,continuous cropping and pests caused by reduced yield and reduced soil fertility,the effects of different intercropping patterns of maize and adzuki bean on agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation and distribution,photosynthetic characteristics,farmland microclimate and yield were studied.In order to screen out the best planting mode of corn and adzuki beans suitable for the plain area of Hebei Province,and provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation of adzuki beans and corn intercropping.The experiment was carried out in the third branch of Hebei Agricultural University in 2018.The corn variety Nongda372 and the adzuki bean variety Baohong 947 were used as experimental materials,and the intercropping mode of corn and adzuki beans 2:4,3:3 and 4:2 was set.As well as corn and adzuki beans,a total of 5 treatments.The main findings are as follows:1 Corn and adzuki bean intercropping will increase the height of the bean,and the stem will become thicker and thinner.In the pod-forming period,the plant height of the corn and adzuki beans 2:4,3:3 and 4:2 was increased by 3.36%,9.56%and 9.65%compared with the monoculture adzuki bean,and the adzuki bean stem was reduced compared with the single bean.1.59%,1.24%and 9.56%;in the maturity of the granules,the 2:4,3:3 and 4:2 intercropping patterns of corn and adzuki beans increased by 1.46%,2.97%and 6.15%,respectively.The number of adzuki beans was reduced by 1.05%,1.22%and 10.65%,respectively.2 The amount of dry matter accumulation of soy bean under the intercropping mode of corn and adzuki bean was lower than monoculture crop.With the increase of the number of intercropped corn rows,the increase of the dryness of the adzuki bean reduce the dry matter accumulation of the adzuki bean;during the maturity of the drum,compared with the 2:4,4:2 intercropping mode,monoculture dry bean material.The accumulation amount increased significantly by 5.62%,52.79%;but monoculture adzuki bean was reduced by5.84%compared with 3:3.3 The net photosynthetic rate?Pn?,stomatal conductance?Gs?and transpiration rate?Tr?of the different corn and adzuki bean intercropping patterns were lower than those of the monoculture adzuki bean.In the full flowering period,the net photosynthetic rate?Pn?,stomatal conductance?Gs?and transpiration rate?Tr?of monoculture adzuki bean were the highest,and the net photosynthetic rate of monoculture adzuki bean was about40.48%-79.32%higher than that of the adzuki bean,and the stomatal conductance was observed.The degree of treatment was 77.55%-48%higher than that of each bean,and the transpiration rate?Tr?was 23.64%-37.03%higher than that of the intercropping treatment.The difference between the treatments was extremely significant.However,the CO₂concentration of the single bean was the smallest,and the intercropping was the smallest.Compared with the processing of adzuki beans,the single bean was reduced by25.91%-40.27%compared with the intercropping treatment.The photosynthesis index of the pod-forming period decreased,and the photosynthesis index of the pod-forming period was similar to the full-flowering period.4 Corn and adzuki bean intercropping will affect the microclimate of the farmland,and the intercropping of corn and adzuki bean can reduce the temperature between the soybean plants and increase the relative humidity between the plants.In the 2:4,3:3 and4:2 patterns,the temperature of the bean line was 1.1°C,2°C,2.7°C lower than monoculture adzuki bean,the relative humidity between the bean plants was compared with that of the single bean.They were 1.77%,3.55%and 5.54%higher respectively;the illuminance between the intercropped soybeans was 13.11%,30.19%and 72.5%higher than that of monoculture adzuki bean.5 Intercropping will affect the yield of Adzuki Bean.The yield of adzuki beans in the intercropping pattern was significantly lower than that of the monoculture crop.In different intercropping pattern,the yield of adzuki bean decreased by 41.52%,55.41%and 82.82%,respectively.Except for the land equivalent ratio of 4:2,which is less than 1,the other two intercropping patterns are greater than 1,and the reasonable intercropping has obvious intercropping advantages.6 The group economic benefit of the 6 corn and adzuki intercropping model is higher than that of the single cropping mode.The total output value of corn and adzuki bean 3:3intercropping was 21555.45 yuan/hm²,the adzuki bean and corn monoculture were 4.36%and 11.35%higher respectively,and the net income of corn and adzuki bean 3:3intercropping was 19693.45 yuan/hm²,which was smaller.Bean monocropping and corn monocropping were 10.23%higher than corn monoculture,and 22.44%corn adzuki beans were 3:3,2:4,and the land equivalents were 1.13 and 1.07,both higher than corn monocropping and adzuki bean monocropping,and above all,the two patterns improved land use efficiency by 13%and 7%.This study believes that the corn and adzuki bean 3:3intercropping pattern has the best economic benefit,which is significantly higher than other intercropping patterns and monoculture patterns.