Comparative Research On The Introduced Fig Cultivars In Jining Shandong

Six Ficus carica varieties,such as Bojihong,Ucr278-128,Orphan,Conadria,Armenian,Violette Solise,were selected as the research objects,and Browns Wick,Qingpi were taken as the control varieies.Under the climate management conditions in Jining,Shandong,the botanical traits,phenological phase,cold resistance,flowering and fruiting characteristics and fruit quality of different varieties were systematically studied.The cultivation regulations were summarized and formulated.The main results are as follows:1.In Jining,Shandong,Violette Solise began to sprout in the first ten days of April,and the other varieties began to sprout in the third ten days of March,all of which showed leaf expansion in the middle ten days of April,Conadria and Armenian began to bear fruit in the first ten days of May,and entered the mature period in the first ten days of August,Ucr278-128,Qingpi,Orphan,Bojihong and Browns Wick began to bear fruit in the third ten days of May,and entered the mature period in the middle ten days of August.Violette Solise began to bear fruit in the first ten days of June,and matured in the first ten days of September.All varieties entered deciduous stage in mid-late November.2.Armenian,Orphan,Violette Solise grew vigorously,and Armenian,Conadria,Orphan had a large number of new shoots.The observation of branch morphology showed that the branch diameter increase rate of 8 varieties was mostly between 60%and 70%.The branch diameter increase rate of Conadria was the lowest,and that of Browns Wick was the highest,up to 115.36%.The pulp reduction rate of Orphans was the highest,up to 44.58%,and that of Qingpi was the lowest.3.The determination of mineral elements in leaves showed that the concentration of Ca and Mg in leaves changed synchronously,and showed an upward trend with the passage of time,while the concentration of K and Zn firstly decreased and then rebounded with the passage of time.4.According to the strength of cold resistance determined by TL₅₀,the order of cold resistance of different varieties from strong to weak was as follows:Browns Wick,Violette Solise,Orphan,Conadria,Qingpi,Armenian,Bojihong and Ucr278-128.5.The yields per plant and per mu of Conadria,Orphan,Violette Solise,Armenian,Bojihong were higher than that of Browns Wick,and the yields per plant and per mu of Conadria were the highest,namely 12.94 kg and 1088.37 kg/666.67 m²,respectively.Fruit quality analysis showed that Conadria had the lowest total color difference of 51.95,Bojihong had the highest total color difference of 66.78;L*value,Violette Solise had the highest value of 32.79,Bojihong had the lowest value of 31;A*value,Conadria had the lowest value of-0.09,Bojihong had the highest value of 17.23;B*value,Violette Solise had the lowest value of 8.84,Orphan had the highest value of 64.34.Comprehensive analysis showed that Bojihong,Orphan,Armenian and other varieties have high color value and obvious color sense.According to the analysis of nutritional indexes,the total sugar content of Browns Wick was the highest,reaching 42.3%,while the total acid content of Orphan and Armenian was the lowest,only 0.12%.In terms of sugar-acid ratio,Browns Wick had the highest sugar-acid ratio of 324.28.Browns Wick had the highest content of vitamin C,reaching 27.41mg/100g,followed by Qingpi,Bojihong,so Browns Wick,Orphan,Armenian and other varieties had advantages in sugar-acid ratio and vitamin C content.As for mineral elements,Armenian had the highest Ca content,Browns Wick had the highest Fe and Cu content,and Bojihong had the highest Zn content.Combined with morphology and physical and chemical indicators,the principal component analysis was ranked as Browns Wick,Bojihong,Ucr278-128,Qingpi,Violette Solise,Orphan,Armenian and Conadria.6.The formulation of green cultivation technical regulations for Ficus carica provide technical guarantee for promoting the adjustment of industrial structure in rural areas,reforming old orchards with few varieties,low quality and weak benefit.