Detection And Risk Assessment Of Pesticide Residues In Edible Fungi In Jilin Province

Objective: Understanding the pollution situation of edible fungus and pesticide residues in Jilin Province,and conducting safety assessments can provide guiding theoretical basis for food safety departments and environmental monitoring departments to formulate health policies and establish early warning mechanisms.Methods: The QuEChERS method was used to pre-process edible fungus samples,and the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used to detect pesticide residues in edible fungus samples.The test data was statistically processed using Excel 2019 and imported into SPSS 19.0 for statistical analysis.Analysis and evaluation methods include single factor pollution index method,risk coefficient method and food safety index method.Results: 1 Of the 16 edible fungus samples tested,8 types of edible fungi were detected with pesticide residues,including yellow mushrooms,enoki mushrooms,fungus,oyster mushrooms,shiitake mushrooms,white fungus,yuan mushroom and hazel mushroom.The detection rates in descending order are: Yuan mushroom 66.67%(2/3),Tremella 33.33%(1/3),Hazel mushroom 28.75%(2/7),Yellow mushroom 25.00%(1/4),Mushrooms were 20.51%(8/39),fungus 18.18%(6/33),enoki mushrooms 14.29%(2/14),and oyster mushrooms 10.71%(3/28).2 Of the 16 edible fungus samples tested,pesticide residues in 6 edible fungi were detected in excess of the standard,namely yellow mushroom,fungus,shiitake mushroom,white fungus,yuan mushroom and hazel mushroom.The order of exceeding the standard is from high to low: 66.67%(2/3)of Yuan mushroom,33.33%(1/3)of Tremella,25.00%(1/4)of Yellow mushroom,14.29%(1/7)of Hazel mushroom,and Agaric 12.12%(4/33),2.56%(1/39)of shiitake mushrooms.3 Of the 30 pesticides tested,6 pesticides were detected,including metronidyl,cypermethrin,aphicarb,clopicarb,endosulfan sulfate,and bifenthrin.The detection frequency was 8 Times,6 times,3 times,3 times,2 times,1 time.4 Of the 30 pesticides tested,according to EU standards,two pesticides were detected with overdose items,namely metronidazole and aphid,respectively,and the overdose items were 8 times and 2 times respectively.5 For the six pesticides detected,the single factor pollution index method results showed that the single factor pollution indexes of metronidyl,aphicarb,clopicarb,bifenthrin,cypermethrin and endosulfan sulfate were respectively : 2.239,0.199,0.168,0.084,0.046,0.009.6 Among the 30 pesticides tested,the risk factor method showed that the risk coefficient of fendicarb was 6.1;the risk factor of aphicarb resistance was 2.35;the risk factors of the other 28 pesticides were 1.1.7 The food safety index method shows that the food safety index ranges from 0.001 to 0.905 among the 6 pesticides detected and the 8 edible fungi detected;yellow mushrooms,enoki mushrooms,fungus,oyster mushrooms,shiitake mushrooms,white fungus The values of IFS for ginseng,primordial mushroom and hazel mushroom are 0.069,0.022,0.036,0.022,0.022,0.094,0.170 and 0.039,respectively.Conclusion: 1 There are 6 kinds of pesticides detected,namely metronidazole,aphicarb,clopicarb,bifenthrin,cypermethrin,and endosulfan sulfate;according to EU standards,two of them have exceeded the standard.Species are metronidazole and aphid.2 Judging from the results of the single factor pollution index method,metronidazole pollution was present in the edible fungus,and it was more serious.3 From the results of the risk coefficient method,metronidazole is high risk,and aphicarb is low risk.4 From the food safety index results,the overall safety of edible fungi is good.Among them,metronidazole has risks in Yuan mushroom,but the safety risks are acceptable.