Effects Of Pruning And Exogenous Substances On Dwarfing And Growth Of Lateral Branch Of Aralia Elata (Miq.) Seem

As a Edible and medicinal wild vegetable containing rich nutritional value,Aralia elata(Miq.)Seem is mainly distributed in the forest areas of three provinces in northeast China,with a small amount of distribution in Japan,North Korea,South Korea,Russia,etc.At this stage,A.elata in open field production exists a series of problems,such as the cultivation technology not maturing,the top advantage of top bud existing,picking difficult due to higher plant,overwintering death,etc,which has caused a sharp decrease in the resources of A.elata,severely affecting farmers' economic income.Therefore,in terms of problems in production,as A.elata for the test material.The research studied effects of different pruning methods and exogenous substances on the dwarfing effect and the lateral branches growth after dwarfing of A.elata,which can provide technical support and theoretical guidance for the large-scale production of A.elata.In the experiment,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)Different pruning methods can obviously promote the plant dwarfing and lateral branches growth of A.elata.Compared with other treatment,11 leaves,7 leaves short cut(D11L7),6 leaves pinching(Z3),and branch length 20 cm winter pruning(W1)can acquire better dwarfing effect.Under above treatments,the plant height decreased,increasing the activity of IAA oxidase and peroxidase in the leaves of A.elata obviously,inhibiting the synthesis of endogenous hormones IAA,GA,ZR effectively,and promoting the ABA synthesis.Under the treatment of 11 leaves,7 leaves short cut(D11L7),6 leaves pinching(Z3),and branch length 40 cm winter pruning(W1),the germination quantity,growth rate of lateral branches and buds yield of per plant higher,and the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein and maturity of lateral branches higher,accompany with higher contents of IAA,GA,ZR.(2)The appropriate concentration of triiodobenzoic acid can obviously promote the plant dwarfing and lateral branches growth of A.elata.The triiodobenzoic acid(150 mg/ L)can reduce the plant height,increasing stem thickness,leaf numbers,and leaf areas obviously,accompanying with the activity of IAA oxidase and peroxidase increasing,the contents of IAA,GA,ZR decreasing and the ABA synthesis promoting of leaves.Under the concentration of triiodobenzoic acid at 150 mg/L,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein and maturity of lateral branches increased obviously,with higher contents of IAA,GA,ZR and lower contents of ABA of lateral branches.(3)Under the treatment concentration of 0.10 mg/L brassinolide(B2W)after winter pruning dwarfing,the growth rate and contents of IAA,GA,and ZR in lateral branch of A.elata increased significantly,accompanying with contents of ABA decreasing.Under the treatment concentration of 1200 mg / L chlormequat(C3T)after triiodobenzoic acid dwarfing,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein was the highest,with the largest maturity in lateral branch of A.elata.(4)The lateral branches maturity significantly affected the growth and quality of buds in the off-season production of A.elata.When the maturity of lateral branches was level 3,the germination rate of buds and buds yield per plant increased,meanwhile,the relative growth rate of buds showed a slow-fast-slow trend,which met the rules of “S” growth curve,with the number of days.In addition,under the above treatment,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,VC,polysaccharides,and secondary metabolites including saponins and flavonoids was higher than other treatments significantly.In summary,20 cm winter pruning(W1)can acquire best dwarfing effects of A.elata.and 7 leaves short cut(D11L7)at 11 leaves can promote the lateral buds germination and growth of lateral branches of A.elata effectively.The best measure to promote the maturity of lateral branches of A.elata is the treatment concentration of 1200 mg/L chlormequat(C3T)after triiodobenzoic acid dwarfing.In the off-season production,we should choose lateral branches with higher maturity and good lignification(level 3),which can obtain higher economic value.