Optimization Design And Experimental Research On Electronic Control Seeding System For Plot Seeder

With the development of soybean market in recent years,the demand for soybean is increasing,and how to produce high-yield soybean varieties has become an important way for soybean production.Breeding seeder development degree is low in our country,the seeding device is still mainly based on the traditional seeding device,it is not only difficult to guarantee the quality of sowing,but also virtually to increase researchers’ labor intensity due to manual cleaning seeds process,seriously affect the work efficiency.Domestic research of the precision seeding area is relatively lag behind developed foreign countries,most scholars research mainly on the structure design of seeding device and key components parameters optimization,but few on the automatic control system for sowing machinery application.Due to the poor working environment for seeders,There are higher requirements on the reliability of the parts.The traditional seeder unit power provided by the land wheel,through the gear chain transfer to the shaft,and make seeder unit begin to work.Obviously,it is urgent to study the smart and controllability of the seeder.Based on the actual situation in the Huang Huaihai area,combined with the characteristics of soybean breeding work,this paper designed an electronic control seeding device suitable for three-row soybean plot seeder,aiming at achieving single line independent control of seed rowing monomer,improving the seeding performance,reducing the labor intensity of the breeding staff and facilitate clearing after sowing.The specific content of this study is as follows:(1)Determined the type of mechanical seeding devices and optimize the structural parameters of the seeding device.Analyzed the characteristics of commonly used mechanical seeding devices,and selected high-filling seeding device that is more suitable for soybean sowing through experiments,then analyzed the problems existing in high-filling seeding device,and optimized structural parameters by using the software Design Expert 8.06 and some tests.(2)Designed electronic control seeding system hardware device.Analyzed the main factors affecting the quality of sowing,an overall plan is designed for the electronic control seeding system for the factors.According to the overall plan,the entire device is divided into the executive control module,data acquisition module,human-computer interaction module and other parts for selection design and matching.(3)Software programming electronic control of seeding system.According to the working principle of the electronic control seeding system,the hardware device designed in part(2)is programmed with software.In order to shorten the device program length and reduce the response time,the function module is used to write the program in the main program.(4)Conducted bench tests and field experiments.A series of bench tests were conducted on the above-designed electronic control seeding system.The re-seeding rate(%),the missed seed rate(%),the inter plant distance variation coefficient(%)and the actual plant spacing were determined by two parameters of the belt speed and the oretical plant spacing.The comparison and statistics of the three indicators determined the feasibility and accuracy of the system.Through the bench tests,the field experiments were conducted by using the self-propelled plot electric seeder 2BJXQ-3.The same variables and statistical indicators as the bench test were selected to furtherly verify the feasibility of the electronic control seeding system in practical application.The research showed that after optimizing the high filling seeding device,single precision seeding can be realized,and the seed spacing and uniformity after adding the electronic control seeding system are better than the commonly used precision seeding device.the parameter optimization results of the high-filling seeding device as the following: the diameter of the hole is 9.06 mm,the depth of the hole is 5.46 mm,and the filling angle is 93.43°.Under this parameter combination,the single grain rate of the seeding device is 99.73 %.The results of the bench tests of the device in the laboratory were as follows: maximum variation coefficient was 0.376%,maximum value of re-seeding rate was 0.95%,and maximum value of missed seeding rate was 0.2%.Through the self-propelled plot electric seeder 2BJXQ-3 for field tests,the results showed that the maximum value of re-seeding rate was 0.92%,the missed seed rate was 0.24 %,and the maximum variation coefficient of inter plant spacing was 1.070 %.They all met the technical standards of the 10293-2001 single seed(precision)seeder.