Epidemiological Investigation And Analysis Of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1 And Feline Calicivirus In Anhui Province

Feline Upper Respiratory Tract Disease(FURTD)is one of the common diseases in veterinary clinical work,often caused by infectious pathogens,of which the major pathogens are feline herpesvirus type 1(FHV-1)and feline calicivirus(FCV),posing a threat to the health of cats.There have been many epidemiological studies on this disease abroad in recent decades,while there are only a few studies in China at present,and there is a lack of regional epidemiological data.Therefore,this study used domestic cats and stray cats in Anhui Province as respondents,to investigate FHV-1 and FCV's epidemic status,associated factors,etc.In order to provide certain data reference for the prevention and treatment of FURTD in Anhui.Methods:(1)The relevant data of 300 FURTD cases were collected by questionnaires and obtained from a third-party laboratory to statistically analyze the pathogen infection rate,onset age,time,symptoms and vaccination status,etc.(2)40 domestic cats and stray cats were selected and divided into 4 groups(domestic cat group without FURTD symptoms,domestic cat group with FURTD symptoms,stray cat group without FURTD symptoms,stray cat group with FURTD symptoms),their ocular,nasal and oral swabs were collected respectively for FURTD pathogen detection.(3)30 feline patients were selected from clinical work and being divided into 3 groups(unvaccinated group,first year vaccine completed group,before revaccination group)to detect the blood Ig G antibody titers of FHV-1 and FCV respectively.(4)Analyzing the diagnosis and treatment methods of 3 selected clinical cases with FURTD.Results:(1)Among the 300 cases investigated,282 cases were tested by PCR method,246 cases were found infected by FURTD pathogens.There were 112 cases of FHV-1 infection(infection rate 45.5%),176 cases of FCV infection(infection rate 71.5%).The cases' peak age period of vet visit was from 2-month-old to 4-month-old.The peak time periods of vet visit were April,from June to July and from September to November.There were more male cases than female cases in the investigation,but with no significant difference in the proportion of confirmed cases.The breeds with the highest incidence rate were British Shorthair,Domestic Shorthair and American Shorthair.Incidence proportion of unvaccinated cats was 45.11%.The proportion of FURTD pathogens mixed infection cases was relatively higher in cats raised in multi-cat environment.(2)FCV infection were detected in 20% and 50% respectively in the domestic and stray cat group without FURTD symptoms,while other pathogens were test negative.In domestic cat group with FURTD symptoms,FHV-1 infection rate is 10%,FCV infection rate is 30%.In stray cat group with FURTD symptoms,FHV-1 infection rate is 20%,FCV infection rate is 90%.(3)Unvaccinated group showed the lowest antibody titer level,and 30% had FCV infection.Compared with unvaccinated group,the antibody titers of first year vaccine completed group and before revaccination group increased significantly.(4)By providing supportive therapy and antiviral therapy,the prognosis of FHV-1 and FCV infection was favorable.Conclusion: In recent years,among the confirmed FURTD cases in Anhui Province,FHV-1 infection rate is 45.5%,FCV infection rate is 71.5%.Risk factors associated with infection including the onset age,onset time,vaccination status,etc.The infection rate of stray cats is higher than that of domestic cats.