Farmland Habitat Utilization And Environmental Capacity Of Common Crane During Autumn Migration Period In Zhalong Nature Reserve

The common crane is China's second-class key protected animal,and its global population is huge,which is in a growing trend and is not receiving much attention.In order to accumulate the ecological information of the common crane during the migration period,this paper provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the common crane.During the migration period from 2018 to 2019,the sample line survey method,fixed-point observation method,GPS positioning,triangulation positioning method,sample method,factor analysis,maxent model.The entropy model was used to analyze habitat use preference during the migration period,the characteristics of foraging habitats,suitability for foraging,daily food intake,and environmental capacity in the Zhalong Nature Reserve during the autumn migration period.The results show that:(1)The preferred habitat for the daytime preference for the common cranes in Zhalong Nature Reserve in different years and different migration seasons is farmland,followed by reed marshes,meadows and waters have the lowest preference;(2)Preference for foraging in the autumn migration period in the farmland habitats,the common crane exhibits the characteristics of selective utilization,which are forageable factor,effective food factor,vigilance disturbance factor,escape factor,and water factor;(3)The maxent model analyzes the most suitable farmland for the common crane during the autumn migration period.The area is 89.0872ha(accounting for 0.0424%of the total area of the protected area),mainly distributed in the surrounding areas of Haqinangzi,Cuijiadian,Longtoujie Kenke,Changgou,Xiaoyushu,Huangniuchang;(4)There is a big difference in the daily corn intake of a single individual of the common crane sub-adult group and the family group(two adult birds and one baby bird)during the autumn migration period(Respectively 526.66 capsules,3825.25 capsules).The average daily food intake of each crane in the family group is much higher than that of the sub-adult group(7.26 times that of the sub-adult group);Correspondingly,the different types of common cranes that can be accommodated in the most suitable foraging farmland for common cranes during autumn migration are also quite different,which can accommodate 2853?4279 common crane sub-adult groups or 393?588 family groups(ie 131?196 families).Based on the results of the analysis,the management recommendations for the utilization of farmland resources in the same region by humans and cranes were proposed.