The Study On The Influencing Factors Of Management And Protection Efficiency Of Small Water Conservancy Projects In Rural Areas Of Gansu From The Perspective Of Social Capital

As a large agricultural province in northwestern China,Gansu has uneven distribution of rainfall in time and space,lack of water resources,and farmers' water shortage.Rural small-scale water conservancy projects with water storage,water supply and water diversion functions play an important role in agricultural production activities.Effective management and improvement of management and protection efficiency can relieve farmers' water shortage and effectively solve the problem of uneven supply and demand and distribution of water resources.But the management and protection system of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural areas in Gansu is incompatible with the existing production system.The phenomenon of light pipe reconstruction is relatively common.Farmers' participation in water-conservation project management and protection is low.Their participating behaviors seriously affect the normal operation of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural areas,and restrict the improvement of the quality of farmers' life and the sustainable development of rural areas.In recent years,many researchers research on farmers' behavior deeply and believe that social capital' vigorous development was a shortcut to solving the dilemma of collective action,and greater social capital is conductive to the consistency of rural collective action and has a positive impact on the governance of rural infrastructure.Therefore,this paper selects social capital as research perspective and takes rural small-scale water conservancy projects in Gansu as the research object.Through a questionnaire survey on the current status of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural Gansu and the status of social capital,we have learned that water facilities are not fully equipped and some of them are short of repairs in a long time,and play a limited role in rural production and life,so they can not effectively meet the farmers' demand for the quantity and quality of water conservancy projects.Based on this,this paper uses Factor Analysis Method and Structural Equation Model to analyze rural household characteristics and the social capital such as social trust,reciprocity and social support,social participation,village cohesion and sense of belonging to villagers,and social norms how to influence on the efficiency of rural small water conservancy projects.The results of the model show that:farmers with higher education levels will facilitate the management and protection of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural areas;the functions of water storage and diversion in small-scale water conservancy projects can provide convenience for small-scale planting.At the same time,by analyzing the impact of social capital on the efficiency of management and protection of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural areas,it is found that the stock of social capital in rural areas is rich and has a good foundation.Thehigher the level of social trust,the greater the degree of reciprocity and social support,the stronger the social participation in village public affairs,the better,the village cohesion and the sense of belonging of the villagers and the clearer the social norms can make the better the operation status of small-scale water conservancy projects in rural areas and the higher the protection efficiency.In summary,it can be found that social capital can significantly improve the efficiency of management and protection of small-scale water conservancy projects in all dimensions.In view of the above analysis,in order to improve the efficiency of small-scale water conservancy projects further in rural areas and help sustainable development in rural areas in Gansu,the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed: 1.Cultivate new concepts and ideas for rural public infrastructure and management in rural areas,improve the omprehensive quality and cognition level of farmers,and encourage farmers to develop agricultural operations of appropriate scale;2.Innovate farmer participation models,and enhance the reciprocity between farmers;3.Strengthen the construction of villagers' conventions to standardize farmer activities,increase the credibility of rural grassroots organizations,and optimize rural social capital.