Effects Of Selenium On The Selenium Absorption And Distribution,Yield And Quality Of Potato

Selenium is one of the trace elements necessary in the body’s normal physiology.With anti-cancer,protect the heart,prevent Keshan disease,anti-tumor,delay aging to enhance immunity and other effects.However,the distribution of selenium in a large range of our country is unbalanced,some regions show a certain degree of selenium deficiency,people get low selenium content from food,resulting in a low amount of selenium in the human body,selenium deficiency is significant.At present,the study found that selenium in the strengthening of the body’s immunity and cancer prevention and other aspects of selenium has a significant role in the process of crop cultivation can be applied with trace elements of selenium fertilizer,in order to increase the amount of selenium content and organic selenium conversion rate in the crop,through the intake of selenium-rich food to supplement the human body’s normal metabolism of selenium demand.In order to obtain the most suitable amount of selenium application for selenium-rich potato cultivation,the influence of potato selenium-rich difference and selenium application on potato growth characteristics and quality was studied.In this experiment,the three varieties of potatoes were used as the research object of "Dutch No.7","Early White" and "Zheng Potato5" and were sprayed with different concentrations of organic selenium fertilizer,and the effects of different concentrations of selenium fertilizer on selenium content in various organs of potatoes and selenium conversion in tubers were studied.The results of the pilot study are as follows:1.Selenium content determination in potato parts during different growth periods found that selenium content in all parts of potato after selenium fertilizer treatment was higher than when not selenium fertilizer treatment.Selenium content in all parts of the potato after selenium fertilizer treatment showed a decreasing trend throughout the reproductive period.The selenium fertilizer is sprayed toincrease the selenium content of potato parts.With the change of potato growth period,the selenium in potato gradually transfers from leaf to stem to tuber,and the conversion rate of selenium in potatoes is as high as 50.44%,52.09% and 58.12% respectively during the harvest period of "Dutch 7","Early White" and "Zheng Potato 5" under the treatment of 12.8 mg/L selenium fertilizer.2.The injection of selenium fertilizer can significantly improve the total selenium and organic selenium content of tubers in mature plants.At different concentrations of selenium treatment,the organic selenium content in the "Dutch 7" potato was 5.27 mg/kg,10.94 mg/kg,7.13 mg/kg and 1.96 mg/kg,respectively,17.48 times,37.72 times,24.59 times and 6.76 times of the organic selenium content of potatoes not treated with selenium fertilizer in the control group;The organic selenium content in the early white potato was 14.35 times,23.45 times,20.17 times and 5.14 times in the control group;Zheng potato No.5 " potato organic selenium content is higher than the control 10.06 times,23.94 times,16.57 times,6.41 times.By comparison,it was found that low concentrationof selenium promoted the accumulation of organic selenium and total selenium in potato tubers,while the increase in total selenium and organic selenium content in potato tubers slowed down when the concentration of selenium was too high.The increase in total selenium and organic selenium content in potato tubers was most pronounced when the applied selenium fertilizer concentration was 12.8mg/L.3.The appropriate amount of selenium injection can promote the potato yield and quality improvement,the average single plant yield of potatoes by spray selenium treatment yield increased.Selenium yield of 12.8 mg/L of 3 potatoes reached the maximum yield,compared with the control yield rate of 5.02%,7.08%,5.51%,indicating that the injection of lower concentration of selenium fertilizer can improve potato yield.Then,with the increase of selenium spray concentration,the yield of single plant gradually slowed down.The content of crude protein,reducing sugar,starch and vitamin C inpotatoes also changed with the amount of selenium applied,with 12.8 mg/kg selenium fertilizer treatment,its growth effect is most obvious,"Dutch 7" potato crude protein content is about 9.85%,starch content is53.21%,reduced sugar content is 0.53%,vitamin C content is 17.09mg/100 g.With the amount of selenium fertilizer at 60.2 mg/kg,the growth of starch content,crude protein,reduced sugar and Vc content in potatoes decreased gradually,and the crude protein content in potatoes was higher than in potatoes without selenium fertilizer treatment under different selenium concentrations.It is shown that the content of the various nutrients and potato yield in the potato were increased when the amount of selenium fertilizer was 12.8 mg/L.The analysis showed that the potato yield increased under the treatment of different concentrations of selenium fertilizer,the total selenium and organism content and the transformation rate of the organism increased significantly,and improved the content of coarse protein,starch,vitamin C and reduced sugar in potato tubers,which made the potato quality improve obviously.