Design Of Rice Direct Seeding Machine With Seed Film On Wetland

Rice seed membrane water direct seeding is a rice planting technology in which the mulching film with seeds is directly spread on the surface of paddy soil to complete the sowing and mulching in one time.Adopting rice direct seeding technology can save seedling and transplanting and reduce the cost.Using biodegradable plastic film as the direct seeding of rice seed,it has the effects of controlling grass,heat preservation,soil moisture conservation,water saving and fertilizer saving,etc.,which is conducive to the production of organic rice and the improvement of farmers’income.The most critical operating link of this planting method is film covering,which has low efficiency and poor effect in manual operation.The realization of direct seeding mechanization of rice seed membrane water can improve the production efficiency of rice planting,reduce labor intensity,and improve the degree of whole-process mechanization of rice production.In this study,a large number of domestic and foreign literature on mulching techniques were consulted.Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign research on mulching technologies and equipment,a membrane water direct-seeding machine for rice seed was designed,and prototype test and parameter optimization were carried out.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:1)Degradable plastic film was selected as the carrier for direct seeding of rice seed film,and the tensile,tearing and creep tests of degradable plastic film were carried out by electronic universal testing machine.The results of mechanical properties show that the samples have typical anisotropy.The average longitudinal tensile strength of the degradable plastic film samples at different tensile speeds is 13.76~15.70 MPa,the average transverse tensile strength is 10.63~13.96 MPa,the average longitudinal elongation is 218.95%-237.13%,and the average transverse elongation is 311.13%-336.83%.The transverse and longitudinal right-angle tear strengths were 106.4 kN/m and 118.4 kN/m,and the tear displacement was29.38mm and 29.36mm,respectively.The burgess model can better describe the creep characteristics of plastic film(R~2>0.95).2)The agronomic requirements of rice seed membrane direct seeding and the characteristics of paddy operation conditions were analyzed,and the overall structure of direct seeding machine was designed.This machine adopts suspension structure and takes the head of high-speed rice transplanter as traction power.It mainly includes hanging film device,pressing film device,blanking wheel and frame.In the process of design,under the premise of rice seed film distribution,the resistance should be reduced as far as possible,so that the structure should be light and simplified,to ensure that the machine has a better passability in the field.3)According to the function of the direct seeding machine and the working parameters of the machine,the structure design and analysis of key parts such as hanging film device,pressing film roller and blanking wheel were carried out respectively.By analyzing the influence of the relative position of hanging film roller and pressing film roller on the stress and quality of rice seed film,the installation position and installation Angle of components were determined.The static and vibration characteristics of the frame in transportation and field operation are simulated by using SolidWorks software.4)The installation Angle of the film roller,the forward speed of the machine and the diameter of the blanking wheel were used as the test factors,and the longitudinal tensile ratio of the film covering,the flatness of the light surface and the film covering bonding rate were used as the test indexes.The influence law of each test factor on the test index was analyzed,a regression model of the relationship between the test factor and the test index was established,and the influence of the interaction of each factor on the response index was analyzed by response surface method.Combined with the actual working conditions,the installation Angle of the pressure film roll was determined to be 32°,the forward speed of the machine was0.73m/s,and the diameter of the blanking wheel was 310mm.The experimental results showed that the longitudinal tensile ratio of the film covering was 4.77%,the spread flatness of the film covering daylighting surface was 99.45%,and the film covering bonding rate was90.42%,which met the agronomic requirements of direct planting of rice water film and water.