Development Of Compound Anti-drought Agent And Its Effect On Maize Growth And Yield

Drought is the main environmental stress factor affecting maize yield.Drought-resistant agents can effectively enhance the drought resistance of maize.This study used single-factor and multi-factor response surface tests to develop a composite drought-resistant agent with2,4-epibrassinolide(EBR)as the main ingredient,and to study the effects of the composite drought-resistant agent on physiological and biochemical indexes of drought resistance and yield of maize.The main findings are as follows:1.Using single-factor experiments to analyze the effects of the main components of drought resistance agents on physiological and biochemical indexes of drought resistance in maize seedlings.The test results showed that: spraying EBR,calcium chloride,and mixed trace elements at the seedling stage under drought conditions could significantly increase the relative water content,proline content,soluble sugar content,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of corn leaves.The best concentrations of catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(CAT)activity were0.15 mg / L,20 mmol / L and 160 mg / L.2.On the basis of single-factor experiments,the response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal ratio of the composite drought-resistant agent by measuring various indicators of maize seedling growth.The test results showed that: under drought conditions in seedling stage,spraying different compound drought-resistant agents had different promotion effects on maize seedling growth.The optimal formula of the composite drought resistance agent is: EBR concentration of 0.15 mg/L,calcium chloride concentration of 20.92 mmol/L,and mixed trace element concentration of 162.95 mg/L.At this time,the fresh weight of maize seedlings is 4.65 g /plant and the dry matter weight is 0.30 g/plant,seedling length42.11 cm,root system length 27.79 cm,maize seedlings grow best.3.Using potted water control experiments,the effects of spraying compound drought-resistant agents on ear characteristics and yield of different maize varieties and different growth and development stages were studied.The test results showed that spraying the compound drought-resistant agent at different growth and development stages can significantly increase the ear length,ear thickness,ear rows,number of grains per row,and100-grain weight of corn,and reduce bald tip length,regardless of normal water supply ordrought stress.Economic coefficient and yield of maize.Drought stress at seedling stage,Xianyu 335,Xiyuan 1301,and Meiyu 808 reduced yields by 9.15%,11.4%,and 21.2%,respectively,and sprayed the compound drought-resistant agent.The yields of the three maize varieties were restored to 98.96%,96.37% of the normal water supply,respectively,86.37%;drought stress at the jointing stage,the above varieties reduced yields by 27.9%,26.9%,and23.7%,respectively,and sprayed with a compound drought-resistant agent,the yields of the three maize varieties were restored to 93.94%,99.52%,and 105.43% of the normal water supply respectively;The drought stress in the silking stage reduced the yields of the above varieties by 39.6%,39.2%,and 44.9%,respectively,and sprayed the compound drought-resistant agent,and the yields of the three maize varieties were restored to 81.42%,84.52%,and 87.05% of the normal water supply,respectively.4.Field experiments were used to study the effects of spraying different drought-resistant agents on the growth and yield of corn under natural growth conditions in the field.The test results showed that the spraying of the self-made compound drought-resistance agent A and the commercially available drought-resistance agents B and C all significantly promoted the growth of maize,increased the ear length,ear thickness,100-grain weight,reduced bald tip length,and increased maize yield.Among them,the self-made composite drought-resistant agent A has a better yield increase effect than the commercially available drought-resistant agents B and C,which can increase the yields of Xianyu 335,Xiyuan 1301,and Meiyu 808 by 37.06%,24.85%,and 34.04%,respectively.Therefore,the developed composite drought resistance agent can improve the drought resistance of maize.Under natural and artificial drought conditions,it can promote maize growth and increase maize yield.