| Conservation piglets refer to piglets from weaning to 70 days old,which have the characteristics of fast growth,easy stress and low disease resistance.Therefore,the management of piglets should focus on ensuring the performance of piglets,reducing stress and improving survival rate.The nutrition and quality of the materials have an important effect on the growth of piglets.Adding glucose to the nursery feed is beneficial to the growth and health of piglets,but the standard of addition is not clear at present.This project has carried on the contrast research and the production investigation to the different glucose addition dose to the conservation granule material quality,the piglet growth performance,the intestinal health and the immune function and so on.The single factor randomized design was adopted in the experiment.0%,2%,4% and 8% glucose were added to the basal diet respectively.The pelleting quality was determined by high temperature and high pressure pelleting.The four experimental groups were group A(basal diet + 0% glucose),group B(basal diet + 2% glucose),group C(basal diet + 4% glucose)and group D(basal diet + 8% glucose).The differences of hardness,powder content and pulverization rate,density and volume mass of feed granules were compared among groups.According to the principle of similar body weight,120 piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments,3 replicates in each group,10 piglets in each replicate were fed with glucose of 0%(group A),2%(group B),4%(Group C)and 8%(Group D)respectively for feeding test.After the 10 day pre-trial period,they were transferred to the nursery for later test,and the formal period was 30 God.The data differences of growth performance,intestinal health and immune function of piglets in each group were compared.At last,the situation of piglet nursery feed with 4% glucose in more than 10000 large-scale pig farms in the province was investigated and statistically analyzed.(1)The results showed that the addition of glucose in feed had a significant effect on the pelleting hardness.With the increase of the addition amount,the hardness of pellet tended to increase,and the hardness of 8% was the highest(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the addition of 2% and 4% and 0%(P > 0.05).(2)After adding 4% and 8% glucose,the powder content and the pulverization rateof pellet was significantly decreased(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between 4% and 8% glucose(P > 0.05).It can be seen that the addition of 4% and 8% glucose can reduce the powder content and the pulverization rate of pellet feed granulation.(3)The effects of different levels of glucose on the density and volume mass of pellet feed were not significant(P > 0.05).(4)Growth performance:1)Daily feed intake was higher when glucose was 2%,4% and 8% than that of control group(P<0.05);The daily feed intake of the D group with 8% glucose was the highest(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference with the C group(P>0.05),and the average daily feed intake of the B group was significant(P<0.05);It is proved that when adding 4% and 8% glucose,it is easy to increase the feed intake of piglets.2)However,there was no difference in the initial weight of piglets(P>0.05).The daily weight gain of piglets decreased first and then increased,C、D the average daily weight gain of the two groups was significantly higher than that of the A、B groups(P<0.05);It is proved that adding 4% and 8% glucose is beneficial to promote the weight growth of piglets.(5)Intestinal health:1)The diarrhea rate,diarrhea frequency and diarrhea index of the D group were higher than those of the other three treatment groups(P<0.05);There was no significant difference B、C diarrhea rate,diarrhea frequency and diarrhea index between the two groups and A group(P>0.05);The diarrhea rate,diarrhea frequency and diarrhea index in B group were slightly lower than those in C group.It was proved that adding 8% glucose could increase the diarrhea rate of nursing piglets.2)When the dose of glucose was 4% in the early stage(d 10)and the whole stage(d 40),the serum total protein content of the piglets reached the highest value,and the total protein content of(d 40)was significantly higher than that of the A group(P<0.05);When d 10 of the experiment,the albumin content in the C group was significantly higher than that in the A、B group(P<0.05),but when the glucose dose increased to 8%,the albumin content in the D group decreased(P<0.05);The albumin content of piglets in B(d 40)group was significantly higher than that in A group(P<0.05),but the difference was not significant compared with C group(PP<0.05);The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity in the B、C、D three groups was significantly higher than that in the A group(P<0.05)after adding different doses of glucose(0.05),but there was no significant change between the two groups(PP<0.05).3)Effects of different doses of glucose on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,protein and energy of piglets:The digestibility of dry matter and energy in B group was slightly higher than that in other groups.With the increase of the dosage,the digestibility of crude protein showed a dose-dependent decreasing trend,but the difference between groups was not significant(P>0.05).4)B 、 C 、 D concentration of acetic acid and propionic acid in jejunal chyme increased significantly,while total short chain fatty acid increased significantly(P<0.05);The concentration of propionic acid and butyric acid in the ileocecal chyme of B、C、D three groups was significantly higher than that of A group,and the total short chain fatty acid was significantly higher(P<0.05).(6)In the aspect of immune function: adding different doses of glucose to the basic diet had no significant effect on the contents of serum inflammatory cytokines(IFN-γ),anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-2,IL-10).On the 10 th day of the experiment,it was found that the content of IL-6,TNF-α and IFN-γ tended to decrease with the increase of glucose dosage,and the content of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 in group C and D was lower than that in group A,but the difference was not significant(P > 0.05);there was no significant difference in the content of IL-10 among the groups.On the 40 th day of the experiment,it was observed that with the increase of glucose dosage,the content of IL-6 in group D increased in a dose-dependent manner,and there was no significant difference in the content of IL-10 among the groups(P > 0.05)On the 40 th day of the experiment,the Ig G content of piglets in group C was significantly increased(P < 0.05),while that of group D was significantly decreased(P < 0.05).(7)Effects of 4% glucose on growth performance and economic benefits of piglets in three pig farms: Compared with the control group,the data of the experimental group were better than those of the control group,and the cost of feed expenditure in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),among them,the weight gain income of piglet in test group was higher than that of control group,9.03 yuan higher,8.43 yuan higher than that of control group,and 8.48 yuan higher than that of control group.The results show that: the addition of 4% glucose to the feed of nursery piglets was beneficial to the hardness of pellet feed,in addition,the powder content and pulverization rate of pellet feed were reduced;it can significantly improve the feed intake and daily gain of piglets,it has no effect on diarrhea of weaning piglets and is beneficial to piglet immunity.Therefore,the piglet feed with 4% glucose can be widely used in large-scale pig farms,which can produce better economic benefits. |
